Ensuring the activities of airport services. Formation of the airport structure. speed is the speed of the aircraft

Organizational structure is a diagram consisting of divisions and individual officials of the company, arranged according to the levels of importance and responsibility, containing the relationship between them and the chain of command. Depending on the stage of the company's development (formation, development, stabilization, crisis), different approaches to building the organizational structure are required. It is especially important to control the situation at the stage of transition from one stage to another and at the stage of active growth and development of the company. A well-built organizational structure makes it possible to optimize the number of personnel and the number of departments, simplify the interaction of departments, evenly distribute the workload on staff, avoid duplication of functions and their "sagging", eliminate double and triple subordination, delimit the scope of activities of managers, determine their powers and area of ​​responsibility, increase labor productivity. The organizational structure is the basis for building an effective management system. For the airport, this is one of the main components on which all the work of any air transportation is based. The airport especially should have a well-coordinated, well-functioning structure. The life and safety of passengers depends on it. Let's take a closer look at how the organizational structure of any airport is built.

At the airport, Marketing is headed by the Vice President of Marketing. He is a member of the Board of Directors and takes part in developing the target orientation of the airline's activities, developing a long-term strategy for its implementation, and drawing up plans for the development of air transport production. Organizationally, he reports to the president and coordinates marketing efforts throughout the company. The responsibility of the VP of Marketing is to integrate the activities of various functional units, regardless of the specific organizational scheme adopted by the airline.

The main task of the marketing department is to develop a strategy and tactics for the company's behavior in the air transportation market, taking into account its goals, financial and technical capabilities. The airport is characterized by the organization of marketing by types of air transportation and types of functions. The Marketing Department is the main department that determines the marketing activities of the airline. It consists of groups.

The planning team is responsible for drawing up marketing plans based on information from proposals from other groups. The marketing plan reflects the characteristics of the main strategic goals of the airline, data on forecasting the development of regional markets, marketing strategies for each region, tariff policy and sales plans by regions and airlines, action plans to improve the quality of service, tactical action plan, recommendations for sales promotion and advertising. work (sent to the advertising department), a description of the procedures for monitoring the effectiveness of marketing activities.

The tactical action plan (for the next year) has several options, which allows you to flexibly respond to changes in the market situation.

The Aviation Reservation System (ASB) group is developing the main directions for the development of the system. Thanks to these systems, the time for booking a ticket for any route is reduced several times. The ticket booking system is linked to the hotel booking system, which is also very convenient for passengers.

The Market Development Group is a subdivision. which receives information about regional markets abroad and the state of the air transportation market. The generalized results of market research are the basis for forecasting the demand for air travel and developing marketing strategies and tactics.

The tariff group is responsible for collecting all information on aviation

international tariffs and the conditions for their application, is engaged in the calculation of tariffs in various directions, the development of the airline's tariff policy, etc.

The On Board Service team is working on recommendations for improving the on board service.

The route marketing department includes six route groups. The main task of this department is to formulate a development strategy for each airline, proposals for scheduling, tariff setting, maintenance, etc. are developed here. Information from this department is transferred to the marketing management department (it is primary for drawing up marketing plans).

The passenger service department consists of two groups: the legal group is responsible for developing the rules for passenger insurance, conditions for the use of air tickets and other legal issues, and the transport services group is responsible for developing new rules for service (non-standard) on board the aircraft, which are then transferred to the passenger service training group.

The Aviation Reservation System (ACS) service department develops the entire range of services provided by this system and prepares reservation conditions (how many seats to leave with the airline, how many to transfer to agents of other companies, etc.).

A group of foreign missions and agencies is working on information for travel agencies and representative offices abroad.

The system development group is responsible for setting tasks for programmers.

The information group collects and issues information to passengers on various countries and cities where flights are carried out: a concert program, a repertoire of theaters, festivals, national holidays, etc.

The reservation control department deals with the allocation of seats by airlines, flight formatting, blocking (how many seats and on which flights are booked per year, month, when the reservation is canceled, etc.).

The aviation security department or service (SBU) is a separate structure and is subordinate to the state security control authorities.

The organizational structure is aimed, first of all, at the establishment of clear relationships between the individual divisions of the airline, the distribution of rights and responsibilities between them. It implements various requirements for improving control systems, expressed in certain principles.

Topic 1. Introductory provisions

1.1. Terms and Definitions.

1.2. Purpose and objectives of the discipline "Airports and airport activities", communication with disciplines on the profile of training "Organization of airport activities", the scientific foundations of the discipline. The connection of the discipline with the disciplines (modules) of the profile. Airport development problems.

1.3. Airports as a static IT system. Prospects for the development of airports.

1.4. Modern tasks and prospects for the development of airports: ensuring the safety and regularity of flights, the efficiency of the subsystems of the main operators (operators) of airports and aerodromes.

Topic 2. Airport complexes. The main elements of airports.

2.1. Classification of airports.

2.2. Regulatory legal documents for the design of airports.

2.3. General information about access and intraport roads, access railway line.

2.4. The main objects of the airport complex, their purpose.

2.5. Service and technical areas of airports.

2.6. The composition and location of buildings and structures of the main production purpose: buildings and structures for servicing passenger and freight traffic, servicing aircraft, aviation fuel supply for air traffic.

2.7. Airfield lighting equipment. General information about aerodrome light signaling systems. Light signaling systems of civil airfields with OVI and OMI.

2.8. The composition and location of buildings and structures of auxiliary and administrative and public purposes.

2.9. Modern tasks of technical maintenance of buildings and structures of airports. Basic rules and methods of technical operation of aerodromes, buildings and facilities of airports.

2.10. Technical maintenance of buildings and structures of airports. PPR of buildings and structures of airports. Maintenance and repair of buildings and structures of airports.

Topic 3. State regulation of the development of airports

3.1. The main regulatory legal acts on state regulation of the design, construction and operation of airport facilities.

3.2. Federal executive bodies providing state regulation.

3.3. Authorized bodies.

3.4. Acceptance of constructed and reconstructed buildings and structures.

Topic 4. Airport activities

4.1. Regulatory legal documents on the execution of state functions (provision of state services).

4.3. Specifics of providing airport activities at federal, regional and local airports.

4.4. Technological systems. Technological processes and technological operations. Technological processes during the operation of buildings and structures.

4.5. The interrelation of the airport enterprise subsystems in the provision of technological processes during the current and overhaul of buildings and structures of airports.

Topic 5. Certification of aerodromes

5.1. Regulatory legal documents for certification of aerodromes.

5.2. Features of certification of aerodromes in the Russian Federation.

5.3. Aerodrome certification procedure.

5.4. Aerodrome Manual.

5.5. Federal Aviation Rules for Airport Activities.

Topic 6. Support of aircraft flights by airport operators

6.1. General provisions for the provision of flights by the main operators (operators) of airports and aerodromes.

6.2. The essence of aerodrome, search and rescue support of aircraft flights of operators, legal entities and individuals.

6.3. Organizational structures of enterprises. Organizational and production structures of enterprises. Organizational and technological structures of enterprises. Organizational structures of enterprise management. Organizational structures of management of the main operators (operators) of airports. Organizational structures and work organization of the main operators and airport operators. Organizational and legal forms of the main operators and airport operators. Organizational structures of management of the main operators (operators) of airports. Application of the theory of competence in the functioning of airport enterprises (airport operators).

Topic 7. Environmental protection during the operation of airports

7.1. The impact of the production activities of airport operators on the environment.

7.2. Sources of Noise and Main Ways to Reduce Noise.

7.3. Sources of pollution of surface wastewater. Methods for treating surface wastewater.

7.4. Government decisions on environmental protection. Normative documents defining the procedure for the use of environmental elements. Tasks of nature protection during the operational maintenance of airfields, saving labor, energy and raw materials.

INSTRUCTIONS

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Writing a term paper is aimed at determining the level of knowledge gained while studying a theoretical course and further mastering special disciplines taught in senior courses.

When writing a term paper, textbooks, study guides, monographs, scientific articles, statistical materials, regulatory legal documents and any other available materials are used.

The topic of the course work for full-time students is selected from the given approximate topics and is carried out according to the last two digits of the student's record book.

Course work should include a title page, abstract, table of contents, introduction, text material, including theoretical and calculation parts, illustrations, diagrams, drawings, list of used literature.

Illustrations, diagrams, drawings for course work can be made at the request of students and in agreement with the teacher on a Whatman paper or in the form of slides in electronic form.

Requirements for the design of term paper:

1. The volume of term paper should be at least 10 pages of typewritten text in A4 format.

2. Font Times New Roman: body text 14, headings 16 bold.

EXAMPLE TOPICS OF COURSE WORKS

1. State registration and admission of aerodromes to operation.

2. Tasks of the main operators (operators) of airports and aerodromes on the operational maintenance of buildings and infrastructure facilities of the airport facilities.

3. Use of IT technologies in the provision of airport services by airport operators.

4. Methods for calculating the capacity of airport facilities and its elements.

6. Basic principles of organizing the operation of buildings and structures of the airport complex.

7. The main tasks of the subdivisions of the main operators (operators) of airports (aerodromes) for the design, construction of buildings and structures.

8. The main tasks of the subdivisions of the main operators (operators) of airports (aerodromes) for the operational maintenance of buildings and structures.

9. Organization of PPR of buildings and structures of airport complexes.

10. Organization of CTT of airports.

11. Organizational structures of management of the main operators (operators) of airports (aerodromes).

12. Organization of current repairs of industrial buildings of airports.

13. Organization of current repair of elements of civil aviation airfields.

14. Organization of acceptance of airport facilities into operation after construction (reconstruction).

15. Organization of acceptance of buildings and structures of airports into operation after current repairs.

16. Organization of work of workers and state acceptance committees.

17. Features of the implementation of technological processes for servicing the aircraft of civil aviation operators, legal entities and individuals.

18. Organization of technical maintenance of buildings and structures for industrial purposes.

19. Rules and procedures for organizing airport activities in the Russian Federation.

20. Subsystems of the airport enterprise for the operation of buildings and structures for ground support of aircraft flights.

21. Proposals for improving the capacity of airport elements.

22. Develop proposals for the formation of a complex of main buildings and structures of airports, depending on the class of the airport.

23. Develop proposals for the organization of overhaul of industrial buildings of the airport complex.

24. Develop proposals for organizing the reconstruction of the terminal building of the airport complex with an increase in passenger traffic.

25. Develop proposals for the organization of overhaul of the runway without interruption of aircraft flights.

26. Develop proposals to improve the organization of acceptance of airport buildings into operation after construction (reconstruction).

27. Develop proposals for the development of hierarchical and functional management of airport enterprises in the Russian Federation.

28. Develop proposals for improving the state regulation of airport activities in the Russian Federation.

29. Develop proposals for the standardization of requirements for Class I airports.

30. Develop proposals for the standardization of requirements for Class II airports.

31. Develop proposals for standardizing requirements for Class III airports.

32. Develop proposals for improving the classification of airports in the Russian Federation.

33. Develop proposals for improving the classification of aerodromes in the Russian Federation.

34. Develop proposals for improving the classification of heliports in the Russian Federation.

35. Develop proposals for the construction of heliports on offshore oil platforms to support aircraft flights.

36. Develop proposals for improving the classification of landing sites in the Russian Federation.

37. Develop proposals for improving the requirements for airport activities (by type) of the Russian Federation.

The structure of the airport is formed depending on its equipment, functions and scope of planned work. Depending on this, its structural subdivisions can be created in the structure of the airport:

Production and dispatching service;

Airfield control point;

ATC service;

Fuel and lubricants service;

Aerodrome service;

SOP (SOPGP SOPP);

Service of radio technical support of flights and airport operations;

Service of electrical and lighting technical support of flights and airport operations (ESTOP);

Department for the operation of ground structures (water, light, heat, etc.);

Other services and departments to ensure the activities of the airport.

Each service is staffed with certified professionals to perform specific tasks and functions.

Airport infrastructure. Main functions

Infrastructure(from Latin. Infra - below, under and structura - structure, location) is a material system through which goods and services reach the consumer. In relation to the air transportation service, infrastructure is understood as a system of airports, air terminals, equipped air routes, agencies and airline offices, cargo warehouses, freight stations and aprons, as well as a corresponding network of intermediaries and functional offices. A distinction should be made between the airline's own infrastructure and the infrastructure of the air transport system. The infrastructure of an airline includes only its own network of points of sale, offices, agencies, etc. Only the largest airlines in the world have their own air terminals and cargo complexes at many airports in the world. Most airlines lease parts of the premises and facilities at airports, and none of the airlines has its own air routes.

Any airport cannot be considered autonomously, outside the general air transport network, since each airport must have an adequate partner at the other end of the air line with the appropriate technical equipment and capabilities.

The airport is the intersection of various activities and interests of various partners. This is where the partners combine their activities for air travel.

Airport partners are those who provide services, as well as users of airport services, which include, first of all, airlines.

The privatization processes taking place in the world contribute to the formation in the civil aviation sectors of various aviation enterprises with various forms of ownership, and airports are no exception.

Currently, the infrastructure of Russian airports is very different:

• * joint stock companies;
• * unitary state enterprises (UGP);
• * federal treasury enterprise;

Today the functioning of airports is carried out in various organizational forms and statuses (federal, regional and local significance).

Airport functions can be classified in various ways and distributed between structural divisions, services, (departments) of the airport in various combinations.

At large airports, functions are more specific and distributed among the corresponding, sometimes numerous, departments and services.

Some of the airport's functions (especially ground handling) are performed by airlines, concessionaires (specialized commercial enterprises with the rights to carry out their activities at the airport transferred to them) or individual government organizations.

The relevant services (departments) of the airport usually cover most or all of the following areas of the airport:

• · Apron and aircraft parking areas;
• · Facilities and services of the passenger terminal;
• · Hangars and aircraft maintenance areas;
• · Means and service of ATC support;
• · Facilities and service of air navigation support of flights;
• · Means and service of lighting technical support of flights and airport operations;
• · Meteorological support of flights and airport operations;
• · Facilities and services of aircraft maintenance;
• · Means and service for ensuring flights and airport operations with fuels and lubricants (POL);
• · Facilities and areas for handling cargo and mail;
• Means and service of providing AB
• · Other facilities, services and zones.
• · Working areas (runway, taxiway, lighting equipment);

The Air Code of the Russian Federation defines an airport as: a complex of buildings and structures, including an airfield, an air terminal, other structures intended for receiving and dispatching aircraft for servicing air transportation and having the necessary equipment for aviation personnel and other workers. An aviation enterprise is a legal entity, regardless of its form of ownership, which has the main objectives of its activities to carry out, for a fee, air transportation of passengers baggage and mail cargo and or to perform ...

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Introduction

The purpose of this work is to reflect the structure of regulatory documents on the organization of airport activities, including brief general provisions on the scope of the main documents. It is obvious that the structure of the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation has a complex, systemic structure and consists of several levels.

System of regulatory documents of the Russian Federation

Rice. 1 .

Level I

II level LEGAL Acts of the Chambers of the Federal Assembly

ACTS Decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation

Resolutions and orders of the government of the Russian Federation

Federal regulations
executive power are published as:

III level LOCAL REGULATIONS
bodies of orders
government orders

Instructions,

Which are introduced:

IV level ACTS Municipal Rules

Position

Management

Instructions

V level Documents of enterprises and other norms. acts

The main law of our state, a special regulatory legalthe act of supreme legal force is the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which, together with the Federal Laws (Codes, Special, General Laws) and the Laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, constitutes the first level of the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation. The by-laws follow:acts of the chambers of the Federal Assembly, Resolutions and orders of the Government of the Russian Federation, decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation, Normative legal acts of federal executive bodies. The third level includes acts of local government bodies, the fourth and fifth - acts of municipal bodies and documents of enterprises, respectively. The structure of the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation is clearly shown in Fig. 1. More details about specific documents regulating airport activities will be discussed in the main part of the work. First you need to determine the subject of airport activity, what exactly it is. The Air Code of the Russian Federation defines airport as:

• a complex of buildings and structures, including an airfield, an air terminal, and other structures intended for receiving and dispatching aircraft, servicing air traffic and having the necessary equipment for these purposes, aviation personnel and other workers.
• Aviation enterprise- a legal entity, regardless of its form of ownership, which has the main objectives of its activities to carry out, for a fee, air transportation of passengers, baggage, cargo, mail and (or) the performance of aviation work.
  In turn, activities related to the service on a commercial basis of aircraft, passengers, cargo and mail at airports will beairport activities.
  Airport activities include the following types of support:

1. Aerodromnoe
2. Electrical lighting
3. Shturmanskoe
4. Radio engineering and aviation telecommunications
5. Air traffic control
6. Aviation engineering
7. Aviation security
8. Serving passengers, baggage, posts, cargo
9. Search and rescue
10. Meteorological
11. Metrological (recommended)

Each type of provision, which includes airport activities, has its own regulatory documents, familiarity with which is set out below.

State regulation in the field of G A

In general, state regulation of civil aviation activities begins withMinistry of Transport of the Russian Federation:

Federal executive body in the field of transport, performing the functions of developing state policy in the field of civil aviation, the use of airspace, sea, inland waterways, railway, automobile, urban electric and industrial transport, road facilities, ensuring the safety of navigable hydraulic structures, ensuring transport security, registration of rights to aircraft, and traffic management in terms of organizational and legal measures for traffic management on highways.

In turn, he is in charge ofFederal Air Transport Agency (Rosaviatsia):

The federal executive body in charge of the provision of state services and management of state property in the field of air transport (civil aviation), the use of the airspace of the Russian Federation, air navigation services for users of the airspace of the Russian Federation and aerospace search and rescue, functions of the provision of state services in the field of transport security in this area, as well as state registration of rights to aircraft and transactions with them.

Another body under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation isFederal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Transport (Rostransnadzor), which is the central office and has its own structural divisions.
The Department of State Supervision over Civil Aviation Activities of the Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Transport carries out the functions of control (supervision) in the field of civil aviation, the use of the airspace of the Russian Federation, air navigation services for users of the airspace of the Russian Federation (except for aerospace search and rescue). Abbreviated name of the abbreviation - Gosavianadzor.

The Federal Air Navigation Service is under the leadership of the Government of the Russian Federation.
Rosaeronavigation- by a specially authorized federal executive body that carries out the functions of conducting state policy, legal regulation, control and supervision, as well as providing state services and managing state property in the field of using the airspace of the Russian Federation, air navigation services for users of the airspace of the Russian Federation and aviation space search and rescue.

All of the above executive authorities exercise control and regulation of the activities of the State Civil Aviation of the Russian Federation, therefore, the regulatory documents on the organization of airport activities are approved or prepared by these bodies, depending on the type of activity.

Licensing and certification of airport activities.

The legal basis for the use of the airspace of the Russian Federation and activities in the field of aviation is established by the Air Code of the Russian Federation (VK RF).
State regulation of the use of the airspace of the Russian Federation and activities in the field of aviation is aimed at meeting the needs of citizens and the economy in air transportation, aviation work, as well as ensuring the safety of aircraft flights, aviation and environmental safety.
All types of activities in the field of aviation are mandatory for observance of the Air Code. However, each type of activity is regulated by its own federal laws and federal aviation rules, GOSTs and OSTs.

A prerequisite for organizing airport activities is the licensing procedure, in order to prevent, detect and suppress violations by a legal entity, its head and other officials, an individual entrepreneur, his authorized representatives of certain requirements. According to Federal Law No. 99 of May 04, 2011 "On licensing of certain types of activities":

Licensing is activities of licensing authorities for the provision, renewal of licenses(a special permit for the right to carry out a specific type of activity),the validity of licenses is provided for by federal laws, the implementation of license control, suspension, renewal, termination and cancellation of licenses, the formation and maintenance of a register of licenses, the formation of a state information resource, as well as the provision of information on licensing issues in accordance with the established procedure;

In the field of aviation, the following activities are subject to licensing:

• development, production, testing and repairaviation technology;
• activity for the carriage of passengers by air (unless the specified activity is carried out to meet the own needs of a legal entity or individual entrepreneur);
• activity for the carriage of goods by air (unless the specified activity is carried out to meet the own needs of a legal entity or individual entrepreneur).

Thus, airport activities are subject to compulsory licensing, which is regulated by Federal Law No. 99, article 9 of the RF VC.

Certification is another important stage in the organization of airport activities. Certification of airports is carried out on a voluntary basis and is regulated by the Federal Aviation Rules “Certification of airports. Procedures. ", Approved and put into effect by the Order of the FSVT RF dated April 24, 2000 N 98 (FAP number 98). They establish the procedure for mandatory certification and certification requirements for airports as facilities intended for receiving and dispatching aircraft, servicing air transportation and aviation operations.
Certification of airports and legal entities carrying out airport activities is an activity carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation to confirm the compliance of airports and their facilities with the established requirements and with the aim of:

• creation of conditions for the efficient operation of the air transport of the Russian Federation;
• ensuring flight safety and preventing acts of unlawful interference in the activities of the airport, safety for life, health and property of the population;
• environmental protection;
• protection of the interests of the state, society and its citizens from the bad faith of aviation enterprises and other legal entities and individuals whose activities are related to the provision of air transportation and aviation operations at the airport.

Objects and equipment of airports subject to mandatory certification include:

• Airfields;
• Airfield lighting system;
• Airfield lighting equipment;
• Radio engineering equipment;
• Objects of radio navigation, radar, aviation telecommunications;
• Search and rescue equipment;
• Aviation security equipment;
• Technical means used in aviation fuel supply technologies;
• Ground aviation equipment;
• Materials for operational and technical maintenance and restoration of artificial aerodrome surfaces;
• Aviation fuels and lubricants and special fluids.

According to these aviation rules (clause 1.5), airport activities include 13 types of provisions described above.

Classification of regulatory documents for the organization of airport activities

All data in this section for determining the types of collateral are written in accordance with clause 1.5 of FAP No. 98. As well as the documents specified in this section do not contradict the RF VK and RF legislation.

Aviation fuel supply for air transportation

- a set of measures aimed at ensuring the operation and maintenance of aircraft with air-conditioned aviation fuels and lubricants and special fluids (reception, storage, preparation and delivery for refueling, refueling of aircraft with aviation fuels and lubricants and special fluids).

• This type of collateral is regulated by the followingregulations:
• FAP-89 "Certification requirements for aviation fuel supply organizations for air transportation", approved by order of the FSVT of Russia dated April 18, 2000 No. 89.

The rules contain certification requirements that apply to organizations wishing to carry out or providing aviation fuel supply for air transportation, regardless of the form of ownership and departmental affiliation, namely the following works:
- reception of aviation fuels and lubricants and special fluids (hereinafteraviation fuel) to the airport warehouse;
- storage of aviation fuels and lubricants;
- preparation and delivery of aviation fuels and lubricants for refueling;
- refueling of aviation fuels and lubricants in aircraft.

• GOST R 52906-2008 “Equipment for aviation fuel supply. General technical requirements ".

The standard applies to new or modernized samples of ground equipment intended for aviation fuel supply for air transportation. It defines the basic principles and trends of increasing the competitiveness of equipment, ensuring the safe execution of technological processes for refueling aircraft with aviation fuel and special fluids, observing fire safety and environmental protection rules, taking into account the peculiarities of use in ordinary operating conditions in various climatic zones of the Russian Federation.

Quality control of aviation fuels and lubricants

- a set of measures to control the quantitative and (or) qualitative characteristics of the properties of aviation fuels and lubricants at the stages of aviation fuel supply of air transportation.

• Regulations:
• FAP-126 "Certification requirements for the laboratories of fuels and lubricants", approved by order of the FSVT of Russia dated 07.10.2002 No. 126.

The rules contain certification requirements that apply to organizations wishing to carry out or carrying out control and analysis of the quality of aviation fuels and lubricants, regardless of the form of ownership and departmental affiliation.

• " Management on the reception, storage, preparation for refueling and quality control of aviation fuels and lubricants and special fluids in the enterprises of the RF military hardware ", approved by the order of the DVT dated 17.10.1992 № DV-126.

The manual, developed by the State Research Institute of Civil Aviation, is a normative and technical document for the reception, storage, quality control and preparation of aviation fuels and lubricants for refueling aircraft and helicopters in the fuels and lubricants services of the aviation enterprises of the Air Transport Department (DVT) of the Russian Federation, which have a fuels and lubricants laboratory.

• NGSM RF-94).

The manual on the service of fuels and lubricants defines the main provisions and general rules for organizing the work of the fuels and lubricants service to provide enterprises with fuels and lubricants, refueling aircraft, operating structures and equipment, quality control of fuels and lubricants and special fluids, labor protection and fire safety, training, and improving their qualifications.

• "Management for the technical operation of warehouses and objects of fuels and lubricants of civil aviation enterprises "dated July 27, 1991 N 9 / I

The guide consists of 3 parts:

Part I. Warehouses of fuels and lubricants, O separate objects and structures of the service G fuels and lubricants;
Part II. Refueling facilities;
Part III. Labor protection and fire safety,

And it contains requirements for the operation of the main buildings, structures and equipment of warehouses of fuels and lubricants intended for receiving, storing and dispensing fuel and lubricants for refueling, requirements for refueling equipment, labor protection and fire safety.

Aerodrome support

- a set of measures to keep the airfield in constant operational readiness for takeoff, landing, taxiing and aircraft parking.

• Regulations:
• FAP-121 "Certification requirements for legal entities carrying out airport activities for aerodrome flight support", approved by order of the FSVT of Russia dated 06.05.2000 No. 121.

The rules contain certification requirements that are imposed on organizations wishing to carry out or are carrying out activities on aerodrome support for flights of civil aircraft on domestic and international airlines of the Russian Federation, regardless of the form of ownership and departmental affiliation.

• FAP - 19 ... "Certification of ground aviation equipment". (approved by order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated February 20, 2003 N 19).
• "Manual for the operation of civil aerodromes of the Russian Federation, approved by DVT VT dated 04.19.94 No. DV-98, ( REGA RF-94).

The manual is intended for the relevant services, authorities and officials responsible for and operating civil aerodromes.
This document contains the main provisions, technological features and recommendations for the operation of elements and structures of airfield airfields. It provides links to the rules and regulations governing the requirements for aerodrome support for aircraft operations.

• "Guidelines for the organization of work and maintenance of special vehicles at airports in the Russian Federation" ( ROROS -95).
• Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of 13.07.2006 No. 82 "On approval of instructions for organizing the movement of special vehicles and means of mechanization at civil airfields of the Russian Federation."
• Recommended standards for equipping airports with special vehicles for the operational maintenance of aerodromes, technical and commercial maintenance of aircraft.
• NGEA USSR).

The standards of serviceability in the USSR of civil airfields (NGEA USSR) contain state safety requirements for civil airfields, include Standards, Recommendations and Appendices.

• Methods for assessing compliance with the standards of serviceability in the USSR of civil airfields ( MOS NGEA USSR)

Electrical lighting support

- a set of measures to provide lighting for takeoff, approach, landing and taxiing of aircraft and centralized power supply to airport facilities.

• Regulations:
• FAP-149 "Certification requirements for legal entities carrying out airport activities for electrical lighting support of flights", approved by order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated 23.06.2003 No. 149.

The rules establish certification requirements for legal entities that carry out airport electrical and lighting operations for flights, regardless of their organizational and legal form, form of ownership and departmental affiliation.

• FAP-119 "Placement of markings and devices on buildings, structures, communication lines, power lines, radio equipment and other objects installed to ensure the safety of aircraft flights" was established by the Federal Air Navigation Service on 28.11.2007.
• "Guidelines for electrical lighting support of flights in civil aviation of the Russian Federation" ( RUESTOPGA-95).

The manual defines the purpose of the services or specialized enterprises of ESTOP operating the lighting equipment and power supply facilities of the airports and the list of flight safety requirements imposed on them.

Navigation support

- a set of activities carried out at the stages of organizing, preparing and performing flights and aimed at creating conditions for safe, accurate and economical air navigation.

• Regulations:
• FZ number 22 "On navigation activity" dated February 4, 2009
• FAP-128

The rules establish the requirements for preparing an aircraft and its crew for flight, ensuring and performing flights in civil aviation, as well as air navigation services for flights in the Russian Federation.

• The main documents of aeronautical information for aircraft crews, ATS units and officials organizing and supporting flights are:

- collection of routes for air traffic services of the Russian Federation;

- collections of aeronautical information of the Russian Federation.

Radio technical support and aeronautical telecommunications

- a set of organizational and technical measures carried out by the relevant services of airlines, state-owned enterprises for the use of airspace (IVP) and air traffic control (ATC), other legal entities and aimed at ensuring the safety of civil aviation aircraft, as well as a set of measures for organizing intra-airport (industrial and technological) telecommunications, maintenance of warning and information facilities for passengers, security and fire alarms and special technical means (STS), computers.

• Regulations:
• FAP - 270 "Radio technical support of flightsand aeronautical telecommunications.Certification requirements ", approved By order of the Director of the FAS Russiaof August 31, 1998
• FAP-115 "Radio technical support of aircraft flightsand aeronautical telecommunications ", established by order of the FANS from 26.11.07.
• FAP-128 "Preparation and performance of flights in the Civil Aviation of the Russian Federation"approved by the order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated July 31, 2009 (part VIII.Flight support, clause 8.9).
• Management for aeronautical telecommunications(RS GA-99 ), established by the Order of the FSVT RF from July 15, 1999 No. 14.
• For this type of security, there are many regulatory documents in the form of rules, manuals, guidelines, provisions of instructions, etc. You can get acquainted with them from the listmain documents related to the activities of the ERTOS service (Operation of radio technical equipment for flight support and aviation telecommunications).

Maintenance (control) of air traffic

- a set of measures for flight information, advisory, air traffic control services (control), as well as emergency notification.

ATC is not is the structure of the airport, the organization and management is carried out by the state corporation of unified air traffic management systems (EU ATM).

• Regulations:
• FAP - 293 " Air Traffic Management in the Russian Federation "dated November 25, 2011 as amended (approved by the Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation).

The rules are mandatory in the Russian Federation by users of the airspace of the Russian Federation, ATS units performing air traffic services in the zones and areas established for them, other bodies and organizations involved in the provision of aircraft flights, with the exception of airspace users and flight control bodies of state aviation and experimental aviation in the airspace allocated for these types of aviation, where these Rules are mandatory for servicing the air traffic of civil aircraft.

• FAP-116 "Certification of Unified Air Traffic Management System Objects", approved by by order of the Federal Air Navigation Service of November 26, 2007 No.

Each EU ATM center also has its own regulations, which air traffic controllers adhere to during their work.

Engineering and aviation support

A set of measures for timely and high-quality aircraft maintenance.

• Regulations:
• FAP - 145 "Organization of maintenance and repair of aviation equipment", approved. By order of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation dated February 19, 1999, with ed. Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation from 13.08.2007
• FAP-128 "Preparation and performance of flights in the Civil Aviation of the Russian Federation"approved by the order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated July 31, 2009 (part VIII.Flight support, clause 8.5).
• Position "

The Regulations determine the procedure for engineering and aviation support for aircraft flights of aviation enterprises, airlines, institutions, organizations of the Russian air force operating on international air lines, in accordance with the Flight Operations Manual (NPP GA) and the Manual for the Technical Operation and Repair of Aviation Equipment in Russia (NTERAT GA), and is also a document on the basis of which, in accordance with the Manual on certification procedures for aircraft operators in the Russian Federation (Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of 10.12.93 N 106)

• GOST RV 52396-2005

The standard establishes color schemes for painting the outer surfaces of maintenance equipment used in operating organizations of the RF Ministry of Defense and at Rosaviatsia enterprises.

Aviation security

- a set of security measures aimed at ensuring the safety of passengers and aircraft crews. Prevention of acts of unlawful interference in the activities of GA.

• Aviation security regulations can be divided into 3 levels:

1. International legal acts, ICAO documents
2. State level
3. Industry level.

Since the purpose of this work is to consider the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation, but you need to start from the second level, taking into account that the laws and resolutions of the Government adopted by the state authorities of the Russian Federation should not contradict the international treaties and conventions adopted by our country.

Aviation safety is given great attention by the Government, this type of aviation activity is regulated by many legislative acts starting from articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the Code of the Russian Federation "On Administrative Offenses" (dated 30.12.01 No. 195-FZ), Federal Law No. 150 "On Weapons" (dated 13.12.96), Federal Law No. 35 "On Countering Terrorism" (dated 06.03.06), on punishments for terrorism, and acts of unlawful interference in general, includingFederal Law No. 16 "On Transport Safety" (dated 09.02.2007) as amended according to15-FZ "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation on Transport Security" dated 03.02.2014.(as amended and supplemented, entered into force from 06.05.2014) to Presidential Decrees"On urgent measures to improve the effectiveness of the fight against terrorism" (dated October 13, 2004 No. 1167), "On measures to improve state regulation in the field of aviation" (dated September 11, 2009 No. 1033)and government regulations"On approval of the Rules for the protection of airports and their infrastructure facilities" (dated February 1, 2011 No. 42), "List of positions of the aviation personnel of the Russian Federation" (dated July 10, 98 No. 749-ДСП), "On the Federal system for ensuring the protection of civil aviation activities against acts of unlawful interference "(as amended by the Government of the Russian Federation of 22.04.97 No. 462, dated 06.03.98 No. 291, dated 14.05.03 No. 282). (dated 30.07.94 No. 897).

And also such industry documents as:

• FAP - 142 "Aviation security requirements for airports" (approved by by order Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of November 28, 2005 N 142)with rev. and add. of January 31, 2008
• FAP - 104 "

The Rules establish the procedure for pre-flight and post-flight inspections of passengers and baggage, including things carried by passengers, aircraft crew members, civil aviation personnel, aircraft on-board supplies, cargo and mail.

• Joint Instruction of the Ministry of Transport of Russia and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated 04.24.96 No. DV-59 / I - 1/7450 "On the interaction of the aviation security service of airports and the department of internal affairs in air transport."
• Instructions on the procedure for the transportation of weapons, ammunition and ammunition for it, special means transferred by passengers for temporary storage during the flight by GA aircraft. Approved by the joint order of the FSVT of Russia and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated November 30, 1999, No. 120/971.
• Manual on the protection of aircraft and civil aviation facilities. Put into effect by order of the DVT of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated August 26, 1993 No. DV-115 (NOVSO GA-93).
• Order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated May 19, 2006 No. BK-50-R "On the organization of security for airports (except for international ones) and their infrastructure facilities by the departmental security of the Ministry of Transport of Russia"
• Order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated April 18, 2008 No. 62 "On approval of the Civil Aviation Security Program of the Russian Federation" (as amended on March 10, 2011).

The airport, on its own, has the right to ensure security in the sterile areas of the terminal and during the inspection and security of the aircraft. Now security is provided by VOKHR (militarized guard). Aviation security is an activity that will always receive special attention, because when it comes to terrorism and there are acts of unlawful interference in aviation activities, it is not just about preserving the peace of mind of citizens, but also about saving their lives.

Search and rescue support

- a set of measures aimed at organizing and performing immediate and effective search, rescue and fire-fighting operations to rescue passengers and aircraft crews in distress or in distress, to provide assistance to the injured and to evacuate them from the scene. In the event of disasters or incidents, SPASOP performs only initial search and rescue actions, the SPASOP dispatcher immediately notifies the RF Ministry of Emergencies.

• Regulations:
• ФЗ №151 "On emergency services and the status of rescuers", dated 22.08.1995.
• ФЗ №60 "On fire safety", dated December 21, 1994.
• FZ number 68 "On the protection of the population and territories from natural and man-made emergencies", dated 21.12.94.
• FZ number 123 "Technical regulations on fire safety requirements", adopted on 22.07.08.
• Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation "On a unified system of aerospace search" dated 23.08.07. No. 538
• FAP - 530 "Search and Rescue in the Russian Federation" dated July 15, 2008 With rev. and add. December 17, 2009, January 25, 2011
• Government Decree "On Licensing Activities in the Field of Fire Safety", dated 25.10.06. No. 625.
• Government Decree "On fire safety" dated April 25, 2012 No. 390.
• Manual on search and rescue support of civil aviation flights (RPASOP GA-91), approved by by order of the MGA dated 03/28/91. No. 65;
• "Recommendations for extinguishing fires on aircraft at civil aviation aerodromes", approved by MGA 11.12.1990 No. 21 / and.
• Order No. 361 "On the introduction of the Regulations on the departmental fire protection of the PASOP Service of the FAS Russia", dated 11.12.98.
• FAP -128 ... "Preparation and performance of flights in the Civil Aviation of the Russian Federation" at approved by the order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated July 31, 2009 (part VIII.Flight operations, clause 8.15).

Meteorological support

- a set of measures for the receipt and timely delivery of meteorological information to the officials of aviation enterprises and the airport, necessary for the performance of their duties.
The meteorological service is not an airport service, it is under the control of Roshydromet, and I work at airports according to an agreement.

• Regulations:
• FAP -60 "Provision of meteorological information for the provision of aircraft flights", approved. By order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of March 3, 2014 No.
• (CMO GA-95).

The Manual includes the main regulatory provisions contained in Annex 3 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, the Technical Regulations of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the 1995 amendments to them.

• Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation
  dated February 16, 2009 No. 48On the approval of the Unified qualification reference book of positions of managers, specialists and employees, section "Qualification characteristics of positions of employees of the hydrometeorological service».

Providing services for passengers, baggage, cargo, mail

- a set of organizational and technological measures that allow embarking (disembarking) passengers, handling, storing baggage, mail and cargo, loading (unloading) baggage, mail and cargo on board (from board) an aircraft for the purpose of transporting them to the destination according to the declared route subject to the conditions of aviation safety and flight safety.

• Regulations:
• FAP-150 "Certification requirements for legal entities carrying out airport activities to ensure the service of passengers, baggage, mail and cargo", approved by order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated 23.06.2003 No. 150.

The rules establish certification requirements for legal entities carrying out airport activities to provide services for passengers, baggage, cargo and mail when performing internal and international air transportation, regardless of the organizational and legal form, form of ownership and departmental affiliation.

• FAP-82 "General rules for air transportation of passengers, baggage, cargo and requirements for servicing passengers, consignors, consignees", approved by order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated June 28, 2007 No. 82. (rev.

The rules are applied in the implementation of domestic and international air transportation of passengers, baggage, cargo on flights according to the schedule of aircraft movement and additional flights, and flights under an aircraft charter agreement.

• Order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated June 17, 2008. No. 92 "Procedure for admitting carriers with appropriate licenses to perform international air transportation of passengers and (or) cargo".
• OST 54-1-283.01-94 “The system of quality of transportation and passenger service by air. Services for passengers on board aircraft of domestic airlines of the Russian Federation. Primary requirements".
• OST 54-1-283.02-94 The system of quality of transportation and passenger service by air transport "Services provided to passengers at airports."
• OST 54-1-283.03-94 The system of quality of transportation and passenger service by air transport "Services provided to passengers in the sale of air transportation."
• OST 54-3-59-92 The system of quality of transportation and passenger service by air. "Conditions for the transportation of goods."
• OST 54-4-283.01-93 “Conditions for the transportation of goods (basic requirements). Organization of transportation by air. Freight transportation. Order of execution ".

Transportation of goods has a number of nuances, so according to the International Civil Aviation Association ICAO, more than half of the materials transported by all modes of transport are classified as "dangerous".

Dangerous goods - substances or products that, when transported by air, are capable of creating a significant threat to the health and safety of people,
property that is classified in accordance with established rules.
All dangerous goods are listed in the ICAO Dangerous Goods List and Technical Instructions ( Doc 9284 AN / 905).

The list of regulatory and legal documents regulating the carriage of dangerous goods by air is divided into three levels:
1) International; 2) State; 3) Industry-specific.

When carrying out the transportation of dangerous goods, carriers also adhere to international documents, however, in this work, only the regulatory of the Russian Federation will be considered.

• State regulations:
• FZ number 150 "On Weapons" dated 12/13/1996 (as amended on 12/31/2014)
• FZ number 170 "On the Use of Atomic Energy" dated November 21, 1995. (with changes and additions)
• Federal Law No. 3 "On radiation safety of the population" dated January 9, 1996 (with amendments and additions)
• Federal Law No. 52 "On the sanitary and epidemic well-being of the population" dated March 30, 1999. (with amendments and additions);
• Radioactive safety standards ( NRB-99/2009) SanPiN 2.6.1.2523-09;
• Sanitary rules for radiation safety of personnel and population during the transportation of radioactive materials (substances). SanPiN 2.6.1.1281-03
• Basic sanitary rules for ensuring radiation safety ( OSPORB-99/2010) SP 2.6.1.2612-10
• GOST 19433-88 “The cargo is dangerous. Classification and labeling ", approved. By the Decree of the State Standard of the USSR of August 19, 1988. # 2957;
• GOST 26319-84 “The cargo is dangerous. Packaging "popr. From 04.10.2004.
• Industry normative documents:
• FAP-141 "Regulations for the carriage of dangerous goods on board the aircraft of the Civil Aviation"
• Instructions of the MGA 1991. N 195 / У "Basic procedures related to the air transportation of dangerous goods performed by the USSR Armed Forces"
• Order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated 02.10.02 N PR-13r "On Amendments to the Order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated September 20, 2002 No. N HA-348p ".

Conclusion

Airport activity is related to the commercial service of aircraft, passengers, cargo and mail at airports, and therefore is a complex systemic process.For its approval and organization, the state adopts legal acts that undergo certain changes from year to year, both in content and in form, but their essence and strategy remain unchanged. The entire system of air law, acting as a regulator of relations arising in the operation of civil aircraft, is used as a form of state management of civil aviation activities, and above all in order to ensure safety and regularity of flights. The main document establishing the legal basis for the use of the airspace of the Russian Federation and activities in the field of aviation is the Air Code of the Russian Federation, written in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. All by-laws, includingregulatory legal acts of federal executive bodies, which are issued in the form of orders, orders and resolutions, and introduce Rules, Regulations, Instructions, Manuals are written in accordance with the VK RF and should not contradict it. When considering the organization of airport activities, special attention should be paid to such bylaws as the Federal Aviation Rules, which regulate all types of obsections that it includes. As for government and industry standards, they exist for certain types of security. Basic information on the types of provision that includes airport activities is contained in FAP No. 98 “Certification of airports. Procedures".

After a detailed review of the regulatory framework, it can be argued that at the present stage, air law is designed to ensure the smooth functioning of all links of airport activities in the interests of the commercial component, with unconditional observance of safety in air transport. This result is achieved through the impact of the legal field on certain, most significant areas of public relations in the field of airport activities.

List of information sources

1. Air Code of the Russian Federation;
2. FZ number 99 dated May 04, 2011 "On licensing of certain types of activities";
3. FAP number 98 “Certification of airports. Procedures. ”, Dated April 24, 2000;
4. FAP-89 "Certification requirements for aviation fuel supply organizations of air transportation", dated 18.04.2000.
5. FAP-126 "Certification requirements for the laboratories of fuels and lubricants", dated 07.10.2002;
6. FAP-121 "Certification requirements for legal entities carrying out airport activities for aerodrome flight support", dated 06.05.2000;
7. FAP-149 "Certification Requirements for Legal Entities Carrying Out Airport Activities for Electrical and Lighting Technical Support of Flights", dated 23.06.2003;
8. FAP-128 "Preparation and performance of flights in the Civil Aviation of the Russian Federation",of July 31, 2009 (part VIII.Flight support, clause 8.3).
9. FAP - 293 " Air Traffic Management in the Russian Federation "dated November 25, 2011 as amended;
10. FAP - 104 " Rules for conducting pre-flight and post-flight inspections "dated July 25, 2007 (Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation).
11. FAP-150 "Certification requirements for legal entities carrying out airport activities to provide services for passengers, baggage, mail and cargo", dated 23.06.2003.
12. FAP-82 "General rules for air transportation of passengers, baggage, cargo and requirements for servicing passengers, consignors, consignees", (ed.);
13. Guidelines for electrical lighting support of flights in civil aviation of the Russian Federation "( RUESTOPGA-95).
14. Manual for the operation of civil aerodromes of the Russian Federation, dated 04.19.94 No. DV -98, ( REGA RF-94)
15. "Guidelines for the reception, storage, preparation for refueling and quality control of aviation fuels and lubricants and special fluids in the enterprises of the RF military hardware", dated 17.10.1992 № DV-126.
16. « Manual for the technical operation of warehouses and objects of fuels and lubricants of civil aviation enterprises "dated July 27, 1991 N 9 / I
17. Position " On engineering and aviation support of flights of aircraft of the Russian Federation on international airlines and abroad "(as amended by the Orders of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation of 08.04.1998 N 102, of 22.12.2000 N 160).
18. Manual on Civil Aviation Meteorological Service(CMO GA-95).
19. Manual on the service of fuels and lubricants at VT ( NGSM RF-94).
20. The standards of serviceability in the USSR of Civil Airfields ( NGEA USSR).
21. GOST R 52906-2008 “Equipment for aviation fuel supply. General technical requirements
22. GOST RV 52396-2005 "Means of maintenance and flight support of aircraft. Color schemes ".
23. http://pmtu.aviainform.ru/drupal/node/91Tyumen MTU VT FAVT;
24. http://komimtuvt.ru/normativnye_dokumentyKomi MTU VT FAVT

1.6.1.1. Basic terms and definitions.

The concepts of "Aerodrome", "Air terminal" and "Airport" should not be confused.

Aerodrome is a land or water area specially equipped for takeoff, landing, taxiing, parking and aircraft maintenance. The airfield can be civil or military. Depending on the equipment, the aerodrome can receive certain types of aircraft (airplanes or helicopters).

Civil aviation aerodromes are subdivided:

By type of surface - to airfields with artificial turf, unpaved, hydro, snow and ice;

By the nature of use - for permanent, temporary, day and round-the-clock action;

By appointment - for route, factory, training and for the performance of aviation work;

By location and use - for basic, intermediate, departure, destination and spare;

In terms of height above sea level and characteristics of the relief - into mountainous and lowland;

According to the admission to operation at the minima for landing - for categorized and uncategorized.

Base airfield- an aerodrome intended for the basing of aircraft and having the necessary facilities for this purpose.

Temporary airfield- an aerodrome intended to support aircraft flights in a certain period of the year and does not have stationary structures and equipment, but is subject to accounting in the prescribed manner.

Mountain airfield- an aerodrome located on a terrain with rugged terrain and relative elevations of 500 m or more within a radius of 25 km from the aerodrome control point (KTA), as well as an aerodrome located at an altitude of 1000 m or more above sea level

Alternate airfield- the aerodrome indicated in the flight plan, selected before the flight or in flight (including the departure aerodrome), where the aircraft can go if landing at the destination aerodrome is impossible. Depending on the length of the runway and the bearing capacity of the pavement, aerodromes are subdivided into classes: A, B, C, D, D and E. Aerodromes with runways smaller than class E aerodromes are classified as unclassified aerodromes. For occasional, seasonal flights, in addition to aerodromes, landing pads may be used, the dimensions of which ensure safe take-off and landing of aircraft of the corresponding type. Civil aerodromes, except for temporary aerodromes, aerodromes for the provision of aviation work and landing sites, are subject to registration in the State Register with the issuance of a certificate of state registration and airfield fitness for operation

Airport terminal is a building or complex of structures designed to service departing and arriving air passengers. The terminal can be located within the city or on the territory of the airfield.

An airport is a complex of structures intended for receiving, dispatching aircraft and servicing air traffic, having an airfield, an air terminal and other ground structures for these purposes, as well as the necessary equipment and personnel.

1.6.1.2. Other required definitions.

Under aviation enterprise(airline) is a legal entity, regardless of its organizational and legal form and form of ownership, which has the main objectives of its activities to carry out air transportation of passengers, baggage, cargo, mail and (or) to perform aviation work for a fee.

Before the reorganization of the civil aviation industry, an aviation enterprise was understood as a separate airport, a separate flight squadron or a united air squadron, which has both an airport and a flight squadron in its structure.

After the reorganization of the industry into independent aviation enterprises, separate airports began to form, separate flight units (the concepts of “airline” and “aircraft operator” appeared), air traffic control (ATC) and radio technical flight support (ERTOS) services merged into the organization “Rosaeronavigatsia”, etc. etc.

In accordance with the Basic Principles for the Division of an Aviation Enterprise into an Independent Airline and an Airport, approved in 1994 by the State Committee of the Russian Federation for State Property Management and the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, the division of air transport enterprises into an airport and an airline is aimed at eliminating the monopoly position of airlines in the air transportation market. ensuring conditions for their competition, increasing the overall efficiency of the air transport system.

Under the concept "airline" means an enterprise that only operates aircraft for the purpose of performing air transportation of passengers, cargo, mail and aviation works, servicing passengers in flight on its own and leased aircraft fleet. The airline sells air transportation, works and services, flight operations, technical and commercial maintenance of aircraft and flights.

Under operator (aircraft operator or civil aviation operator) means a citizen or legal entity that has a certificate (certificate) of the operator and has an aircraft (AC) on the right of ownership (on a lease basis or on any other legal basis) and uses the specified aircraft for flights.

An airport is an enterprise that accepts and dispatches passengers, baggage, cargo and mail, services aircraft flights and has the necessary ground facilities, facilities, equipment and trained personnel for these purposes.

The airport provides reception and release of aircraft, carries out technical and commercial maintenance of aircraft, operation of the airfield, airport terminal, storage and refueling facilities for fuels and lubricants (POL), operation of means for providing technological processes in the airport area with heat, electricity, transport and communications.

The structure of the airport is formed depending on its equipment, planned functions and volume of work performed. Depending on this, the following structural divisions (services, departments, etc.) can be created in the airport structure:

Air Traffic Control Service (ATC);

Service (base) of radio technical support of flights and airport activities (ERTOS base);

Aviation technical base (ATB);

Service of electrical and lighting technical support of flights and airport activities (ESTOP service);

Aviation Security Service (including the VOKhR subdivision);

Passenger Transportation Organization Service (SOPP);

Service of fuels and lubricants (service of fuels and lubricants);

Aerodrome service;

Special vehicle service;

Ground Facilities Operations Department (ONS);

Other services and departments to ensure the activities of the airport.

Each service (department) is staffed with trained specialists to perform specific tasks and functions.

1.6.1.3. Organization of movement.

The territory and facilities of the airport, depending on the purpose and operations performed on it, are divided into different zones:

Flight area / Runways (runways) and taxiways (taxiways)- a certain part of the aerodrome territory (specially prepared and equipped), intended and used for takeoff, landing and taxiing of aircraft. Runways can be main, reserve, equipped or not equipped with various technical aircraft landing systems.

Airfield airfield- part of the aerodrome on which one or more runways, taxiways, aprons and special-purpose sites are located.

Aircraft parking area- a part of the apron or a specially prepared area on the airfield of the aerodrome intended for parking the aircraft for the purpose of servicing it;

Aircraft maintenance area- a section of the aerodrome territory with the means and equipment located on it, provided for the maintenance of aircraft. This includes aprons, hangars, buildings and workshops, parking areas for vehicles, vehicles and associated roads.

Apron - part of the airfield of the aerodrome intended for the placement of aircraft for the purpose of embarking or disembarking passengers, loading and unloading cargo, as well as other types of services (refueling, parking, maintenance, etc.);

Sections of the aerodrome territory intended for the placement of radio and lighting facilities for flights and airport activities;

Sections of the aerodrome territory intended to accommodate production facilities and facilities of various airport services;

A section of the territory of the airfield with the building of the air terminal located on it with the station square.

Airport zones, in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents, have certain markings that facilitate orderly movement in the zones of aircraft, vehicles and air personnel.

The movement of aircraft, vehicles and persons in different zones of the airport is established by certain rules and regulations (Manual on aerodrome service, Manual on flight operations, etc.). All actions in the zones of the airport (especially in the area of ​​flight operations) are subject to control and are carried out with the permission of certain control points and officials.

In order to ensure the activities of the airport and exclude the influence on it of the actions of unauthorized persons, part of the airfield territory has a fence around the entire perimeter, access to which is controlled.

In order to ensure aviation security, restricted access zones (controlled zones) are organized inside the fenced part of the aerodrome, in which the movement of all persons and vehicles is controlled.

Restricted areas are organized in such a way that only authorized actions can be performed there.

The controlled areas of the airport are equipped with fences with marked signs, a security system and control over the access to them of all persons and vehicles that have permission to do so. Unauthorized access to the airfield (controlled area) of persons and vehicles must be prevented.

All persons who have the right to access various areas of the airport undergo a preliminary special check (screening).

The right to exit and stay in a controlled area is given by a pass (identification mark), which must be worn by everyone who is allowed to do so, in a conspicuous place of clothing during the entire time of being in the controlled areas. The presence of a pass (identification mark) is checked at checkpoints at the entrance to the controlled area.

Aircraft on the ground are centers of work activity and require appropriate security measures to prevent unauthorized access to them.

Aircraft parking areas are equipped with security and control equipment. Aircraft are equipped with means of preventing and detecting unauthorized access to them. If there is a suspicion of the possibility of such access, the aircraft is subject to inspection.

Only an established circle of persons is allowed to parks and aircraft.

Access to aircraft parking areas is allowed only for the category of aviation personnel who is related to the maintenance of this aircraft and has insignia confirming these rights. Control is carried out by employees of the AB service.

Passengers in the aircraft parking area awaiting boarding must be supervised by the AB service staff.

All places from which the airfield can be clearly viewed (aircraft stands) must be adequately protected and monitored by the aviation security service.

Aviation security personnel, equipped with mobile vehicles, communications and weapons, patrol the airport in order to prevent unauthorized access by unauthorized persons to controlled areas.

The personnel of the airport and other airlines located on its territory should be aware of the need to maintain an effective and constant security system at parking areas and at the airport as a whole. Unauthorized persons in restricted areas should delay reporting to AB or the airport police department.

Entry into the territory of the controlled areas of the airport for vehicles of all types and purposes should be made only with special passes that have different validity periods.

The movement of all types of vehicles in the controlled areas of the airport is determined by an approved document and should only be on established routes and at a set speed.

Drivers of vehicles when working in controlled areas of the airport are required to have with them and present at the request of the established circle of officials a document for the right to drive vehicles at the airfield and service the aircraft.

Departure of vehicles on the runways and taxiways in all cases is carried out only with the permission of the flight director (FOC) and accompanied by the person in charge for the work, who has two-way radio communication with the air traffic control (ATC) dispatcher.

Management of the maneuvering of vehicles near aircraft is carried out by an established circle of officials who have a documented right to do so.

1.6.1.4. Air traffic services.

Intense air traffic is unthinkable without certain rules for its management. There are international and national air traffic control (ATC) rules, which are constantly being improved towards the creation of a global air traffic management system.

Air traffic management (ATS) is a system of rules and procedures, one of the elements of which is air traffic control carried out by ATC services, specially trained for this purpose.

Air traffic control (ATC) is organized in accordance with the requirements of the Air Code of the Russian Federation, regulatory and governing documents in this area, Manual on flight operations in GA (NPP GA-85) and instructions for operating flights in areas of airfields (air hubs).

Air traffic control in civil aviation is carried out by the EU ATC centers, traffic authorities and includes:

Air traffic planning and coordination;

Direct ATC;

Control over the observance of the airspace use procedure by aircraft crews.

The main tasks of ATC are:

Ensuring flight safety when aircraft crews perform flight assignments;

Ensuring regularity and economy of flights with efficient use of airspace

Each aircraft from the moment the engines are started until the moment they are turned off at the final point of the established route is in the ATC system (under supervision and constant communication).

Aviation security of an aircraft in flight is ensured by close interaction of AB and ATC services, the mechanism of which must be constantly improved in order to achieve the required level of safety.

1.6.1.5. Issues of interaction between AB and ATC services:

Identification and control over the movement of the aircraft in order to ensure aviation security;

Ensuring favorable flight conditions for an aircraft subjected to an act of unlawful interference;

Exchange of necessary information between the aircraft crew and the ground ATC unit in order to ensure aviation security,

Air traffic management in the event of an emergency related to acts of unlawful interference.

1.6.1.6. Types of communication used to ensure aviation security.

One of the tasks of ensuring aviation security is the prevention (adoption of preventive measures) of emergencies associated with acts of unlawful interference, or their suppression, if possible, at the early stages of development. The successful solution of this problem depends on the prompt transmission of the necessary information through reliable communication channels.

In order to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of the measures taken for aviation security, various types and means of communication are used in the activities of the AB service:

Departmental and city telephone network;

Internal industrial loudspeaker communication (GGS), industrial radio communication system;

Intra-office radio communication system;

Long-distance telephone, telegraph and facsimile communication system;

Other means of communication that facilitate the prompt transfer of the necessary information.

The aviation security measures developed by each airport provide for the use for these purposes of the existing main and backup communication channels for the exchange of information.

Information of various degrees of efficiency and importance (including closed ones) is transmitted through various communication channels, organized in advance between the authorities and departments responsible for ensuring aviation security

When an act of unlawful interference occurs, officials and competent authorities interested in ensuring aviation security are immediately informed according to the proven practice at each airport of a specific notification scheme.

1.6.2. Regulations on the aviation security service of the airport (airline). The structure of the aviation security service.