Georgia: the area of ​​the territory without Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Sights of Tbilisi - the most complete overview and marks on the map Which country Tbilisi belongs to

This state has changed more than once in its history. And at present, this country does not control all the lands it claims. Nevertheless, in many reference books these virtually uncontrolled regions appear as Georgia. The area of ​​the territory without Abkhazia and South Ossetia still corresponds more to the real state of affairs. Let's find out what is the area of ​​the country without these republics and how its territory was formed.

History of the formation of the territory of Georgia

Georgia is one of the oldest states in Transcaucasia. The area of ​​this country has been forming over hundreds of years, and even millennia.

The first states in Georgia appeared in antiquity. It was Colchis (covering the Black Sea coast of the country) and Iberia (located in the center). The last state was formed in the 3rd century BC. It was located in the center of the country and was the core from which Georgia was formed in the future.

The area of ​​this state was equal to about half of the Georgian territory. In later sources, Iberia begins to be referred to as the kingdom of Kartli. In the 1st century. BC. the kings of Iberia and Colchis acknowledge their dependence on Rome. In the first half of the 4th century AD, Christianity became the state religion in Kartli (Iberia).

In subsequent centuries, the territory of Georgia was actually divided into zones of influence of Byzantium (Colchis) and Persia (Iberia). Sometimes even these territories completely lost their independence and were part of the above states. In the middle of the 7th century, the Arabs conquer Persia and most of Georgia. The Georgians managed to completely free themselves from the Arabs only in the 10th century.

But after liberation from the Arabs, Georgia was a multitude of independent states. The rulers from the Bagratid dynasty, which originally ruled in the kingdom of Tao-Klarjeti, succeeded in uniting them into one power. The kings of this dynasty managed to expel the Arabs from Tbilisi and make this city their capital. After that, they united together the entire territory of modern Georgia and even annexed to it lands that are not part of the modern Georgian state.

Georgia acquired the greatest power under King David the Builder and Queen Tamara (XII-XIII centuries), during whose reign even the emperors of the Trebizond Empire recognized vassal dependence. This was the Golden Age of political power and culture that Georgia has ever experienced. The area of ​​its territories went far beyond the limits of modern borders.

But nothing is everlasting. After the Golden Age, a series of strife began between representatives of the ruling house. The power of the Georgian state was shaken by the Mongol invasion in the 20s of the XIII century. Eventually the Georgian kings recognized from the Mongols and agreed to pay tribute. A series of conquest campaigns of the Central Asian ruler Tamerlane finally crushed the united Georgian state. These campaigns led to the complete depletion of the Georgian economy and its disintegration into several states independent from each other. Over time, most of these principalities were forced to recognize their vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire or on the Persian state of the Safavids. On the territory of Georgia, there was a struggle between these two great monarchies. In the end, according to a peace treaty signed in the middle of the 16th century, the principalities of Kakheti and Kartli were given to Persia, and Imereti to the Ottomans.

In the 17th century, a new powerful state, the Russian Empire, entered the Caucasian arena. In a series of wars with the Ottoman Empire and Persia, she established control over a significant part of the Caucasus. Meanwhile, the principalities of Kartli and Kakheti are united into one state. The ruler of the united kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti, Irakli II, took Russian citizenship in 1783. And in 1801, after the death of the next Georgian king, the Kartli-Kakhetian state finally became part of the Russian Empire.

Now, being part of the empire, the modern Georgian territories were part of the Tiflis and Kutaisi provinces, which roughly corresponded to the territory of the Kartli-Kakheti and Imereti kingdoms, as well as the Batumi region.

Formation of the Georgian state within modern borders

The area of ​​Georgia, roughly coinciding with its current borders, began to form after the fall of the monarchy in the Russian Empire in 1917. Already in November 1917, the Transcaucasian Commissariat was assembled in Tiflis (modern Tbilisi), which is a coalition government of the provinces of the Transcaucasus (Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan).

In April 1918, the Transcaucasian Democratic Federal Republic was created on its basis. But already in May, under pressure from Turkey, this state split into three independent republics, one of which was the Democratic Republic of Georgia. of this state covered not only modern Georgia, but also Abkhazia, South Ossetia, as well as parts of Armenia and Turkey. It is from this power that modern Georgia leads its statehood.

However, it did not last long. Already in 1921, Bolshevik troops captured Georgia. The Georgian SSR was formed here with its capital in Tbilisi. In the same year, the Adjara SSR was allocated as a subject of the GSSR. On the basis of the concluded union agreement, the Abkhaz SSR is part of Georgia, and a year later another autonomy is formed - the South Ossetian Autonomous District. In the same 1922, the Georgian SSR, the Armenian SSR and the Azerbaijan SSR form a federation - the ZSFSR. At the end of 1922, the latter became part of the USSR. However, in 1936 the ZSFSR was disbanded and all three republics that were part of this union, including Georgia, become direct subjects of the USSR.

At the end of the 80s of the last century, Georgia was one of the first republics to embark on a course of secession from the USSR. This was stated by the republican Supreme Soviet in 1989, when Soviet troops dispersed a rally demanding the separation of Georgia from the Soviet Union. In April 1991, Georgia proclaimed complete secession from the USSR.

But the autonomous territories within the GSSR - the Abkhaz ASSR and the South Ossetian Autonomous Region, wished to remain part of the USSR. This led to a conflict between Georgia and the armed formations of these republics. The war was stopped only in 1993, thanks to the mediation of Russia and the introduction of a peacekeeping contingent. In fact, Abkhazia and South Ossetia became independent states, although this fact was not legally recognized by any country in the world. Georgia continued to consider these territories as their own.

Modern stage

In 2008, a new armed conflict broke out between Georgia on the one hand and Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Russia on the other. As a result of this conflict, Georgia completely lost control over South Ossetia and Abkhazia, whose statehood was officially recognized by Russia.

On this, the formation of the territory of Georgia in the form it exists now was completed. That is why now the calculations take into account the area of ​​Georgia without Abkhazia and South Ossetia.

The area of ​​the territory of Georgia

Now the time has come to find out what is the area of ​​Georgia in sq. km without Abkhazia and South Ossetia. So, let's find out the answer to this question.

The total area of ​​Georgia with all the territories it claims is 69.7 thousand km 2. According to this indicator, this country ranks 119th in the world. But we are primarily interested in the area of ​​Georgia in sq. km. without South Ossetia and Abkhazia.

Considering that the territory of Abkhazia is 8.6 thousand km 2, and the territory of South Ossetia is 3.9 thousand km 2, it is easy to calculate their total area - 12.5 thousand km 2. Thus, the area of ​​Georgia without these regions is 57.2 thousand km 2. This is already 122nd place among all states of the world.

Population

We found out what size of the site Georgia is located on. The area of ​​the territory and the population of the country are very interrelated parameters. Therefore, in order to have a complete picture, we will find out how many inhabitants there are in this Transcaucasian country.

Currently, the specified state is inhabited by 3729.5 thousand inhabitants. Georgia occupies one hundred and thirtieth place according to this indicator among other countries of the world. The area and population of this Transcaucasian state were indicated without taking into account Abkhazia and South Ossetia.

Population density

Knowing these indicators of the population size and the area of ​​the country's territory, it is not difficult to calculate the density. At the moment it is 68 people. for 1 sq. km.

For comparison, the population density in the neighboring states of Azerbaijan and Armenia is, respectively, 111 and 101.5 people / sq. km. Thus, this indicator in Georgia is less than that of neighboring countries.

Population composition

Now let's analyze the ethnic and religious composition of the population that lives on the territory of Georgia, that is, people occupying the area of ​​this country.

The main ethnic group is Georgians. They make up 83.4% of the total population of Georgia, excluding Abkhazia and South Ossetia. This characterizes it as a country with a significant predominance of one nationality. The second largest number is occupied by Azerbaijanis - 6.7%, followed by Armenians - 5.7%. But the Russians are already significantly lagging behind the ethnic groups listed above. Their share is only 1.9%. Ossetians in the country are about 1%.

All other ethnic groups that inhabit Georgia make up less than 1% of the total population. These include Yezidis (Kurds), Ukrainians, Greeks, Chechens, Avars, Kists, Abkhazians, Assyrians and some other peoples.

The overwhelming majority of Georgians are Orthodox Christians - 83.4%. There are also quite a few Muslims, mainly in Adjara - 10.7%. Among other religious groups, we should highlight the parishioners of the Armenian Apostolic Church, Catholics, Protestants, Yezidis, Jehovah's Witnesses, and Jews.

Administrative division

Now let's find out what territorial units modern Georgia is divided into. This state actually consists of 9 regions (mkhare), one autonomous republic (Adjara), and one city of state importance (Tbilisi). In addition, the AR of Abkhazia is legally a part of Georgia, according to its legislation, but in fact, Georgia does not control this territory.

The list of nine regions is as follows: Samtskhe-Javakheti, Racha-Lechkhumi and Nizhnyaya Svaneti, Imereti, Guria, Samegrelo-Upper Svaneti, Kakheti, Mtskheta-Mtianeti, Shida-Kartli, Kvemo-Kartli.

In addition, administrative units of a higher order (territories and autonomous republics) are divided into administrative units of a lower order (municipalities and cities of republican (regional) significance). At the moment, the presence of 67 municipalities and fourteen cities of regional significance is legally enshrined in Georgia. But in fact, only 59 municipalities and 11 regional settlements are under the control of Georgia.

It should be noted that until 2006, the administrative entities that are now called municipalities, were called, as in the Soviet Union, districts.

Area of ​​separate regions of Georgia

Now let's find out what territory is occupied by the hotel regions that are part of such a state entity as Georgia. The area of ​​the Autonomous Republic of Adjara with its capital in Batumi, which is located in the extreme south-west of Georgia, is 2.9 thousand km 2.

The Samegrelo-Upper Svaneti region is located in the northwestern part of Georgia on the border with Abkhazia on the territory of 7.4 thousand km 2. The main city of this region is Zugdidi.

The administrative center of the Guria region is the city of Ozurgeti. This territorial unit has an area of ​​2.0 thousand km 2 and is located in the south-west of the country.

The region of Racha-Lechkhumi and Lower Svaneti is located in the north of the country on an area equal to 4.6 thousand km 2. The main settlement here is the city of Ambrolauri.

The land, the name of which corresponds to the name of the ancient kingdom of Imereti, has an area of ​​6.6 thousand km 2 and is located in the central part of Georgia with an offset to the west. The administrative center of this region is the city of Kutaisi.

The region with the complex name Samtskhe-Javakheti has an area of ​​6.4 thousand km 2. This region is located in the south of the country. The main city here is Akhaltsikhe.

The Shida Kartli region has an area of ​​4.8 thousand km 2. The main city in this region is Gori. The region is located in the north-central part of Georgia on the border with South Ossetia. According to the laws of Georgia, about half of the territory of this region is just the South Ossetian land, and most of South Ossetia is part of the Shida Kartli region. But when calculating the area of ​​this region, we took into account only the territory that is actually controlled by the Georgian authorities.

The region with the poetic name Mtskheta-Mtianeti has a territory of 6.8 thousand km 2 located in the north-east of Georgia, but actually controls 5.8 thousand km 2, since the rest is located in the territory of South Ossetia. The main city of the region is Mtskheta.

The Kvemo Kartli region is located in the south-east of Georgia. It has an area of ​​6.5 thousand km 2. The administrative center is Rustavi.

The Kakheti region is located in the easternmost part of the country. It has dimensions equal to 11.3 thousand km 2. The administrative center here is the city of Telavi.

The city of state significance Tbilisi also has its own territory. It is, of course, much smaller than the territory of the edges and is only 720 km 2. The total number of inhabitants in the capital of Georgia is 1.1 million. The city is located in the central part of the state with an offset to the southeast.

Thus, as we can see, the largest regions of Georgia in terms of area are the Kakheti region (11.3 thousand km 2) and the Samegrelo-Upper Svaneti region (7.4 thousand km 2). The smallest regions of Georgia, not taking into account the city of state importance Tbilisi, the region of Guria (2.0 thousand km 2) and the Autonomous Republic of Adjara (2.9 thousand km 2).

General conclusion

We found out what is the area of ​​Georgia in thousand km2. When determining this indicator, you need to know one very important nuance. There are territories that are considered by the Tbilisi government to be Georgian, but which are actually not controlled by Georgia. The area of ​​the country, respectively, in Georgian sources is overestimated in comparison with the real state of affairs.

Thus, we found that at the moment the area of ​​this country, excluding the actually uncontrolled South Ossetia and Abkhazia, is 57.2 thousand km 2.

Brief information about the country

Independence Date

Official language

Georgian

Form of government

Mixed republic

Territory

69,700 km² (118th in the world)

Population

4 490 500 people (123rd in the world)

Timezone

Largest cities

Tbilisi, Kutaisi, Batumi

$ 26.626 billion (110th in the world)

Internet domain

Telephone code

- a state in Transcaucasia, lying on the territory from the eastern coast of the Black Sea to the Greater Caucasus Range. Although Georgia formally became a separate country only in 1991, during the collapse of the Soviet Union, the ancient kingdoms of Colchis and Iberia existed in this region long before the beginning of our era, and the current capital of the state, Tbilisi, for more than one and a half thousand years.

Video: Heads and Tails. Georgia

Basic moments

After the end of the difficult 90s for the country, many residents of the former USSR continued their nostalgic travels to Georgia, enjoying its unique nature and architectural monuments, mild climate, cuisine and hospitality of the owners. Most of the Georgians were fluent in Russian, there were no problems in communication.

The second decade of the 21st century brought new trends: the government adopted a long-term, until 2025, program for the development of the tourism industry, placing at the forefront an attractive slogan: "Georgia is a country of life." Not only former compatriots, but also guests from Europe, accustomed to a different level of comfort, have become the priority. Foreign investments began to flow into the economy, and the result was not long in coming: the number of tourists has quadrupled compared to the zero years. The tourist center of Tbilisi has been completely reconstructed, the beach recreation center Batumi has turned into a modern European city. Interesting objects have appeared in the provinces: for several years Sighnaghi has become the standard of elite recreation.

At the same time, the budget sector did not stand aside: you can still come to Georgia on your own, staying in inexpensive guest houses or even spending the night in a tent. It is not difficult to find a Russian-speaking local resident; in extreme cases, you can ask questions of young Georgians - almost all of them speak English. Now the state's immediate plans include the development of infrastructure and the expansion of the tourist flow due to the winter months.

Cities of Georgia

All cities of Georgia

Geographical position and climate of Georgia

Although Georgia is only 1.5 times larger in area than Moscow and the region, several geographic zones are located on its territory due to its complex relief. The country is rich in minerals, water from mineral springs, such as Borjomi, is exported. The north-east of the country is occupied by mountains, the most famous of which are located on the border with Russia - these are the five-thousanders of Shkhara and Kazbek with peaks covered with ice. The Black Sea regions, on the other hand, lie in the lowland zone. Back at the beginning of the 20th century, it was an unhealthy area, spoiled by fumes from swamps. Then the land was drained, and now this region is the basis of Georgia's agriculture, though not as picturesque as the mountainous parts of the country.

The diversity of geographic zones and belts explains the abundance of animal and plant species. Among the predators in the reserves, you can find wolves, bears, endangered leopards, and among ungulates - gazelles and rounds. The raccoons imported from North America acclimatized in the country. There are dozens of fish species in the mountain rivers and glacial lakes of Georgia. In agricultural regions, vegetables and fruits ripen well - not only for their own needs, but also for export. But there are practically no tea plantations in the country due to the unprofitability of this industry.

You can come to Georgia all year round, the main thing is to remember that the climate here is mild, but the weather is changeable. Even at the height of summer, you need to take jackets and umbrellas with you. On the coast, it usually pours in November and late winter, sunny in summer and September. The heat in summer is relieved by the seaside breezes. Autumn in Adjara, near the sea, comes in November, a month later than in other parts of Georgia. In Tbilisi at this time it is much colder, the approach of winter is clearly felt. When planning a trip for November, you need to find out in advance if the heating in the rooms or apartments is working, otherwise it will be very uncomfortable to spend the night. In winter, the temperature approaches zero, but frosts only occur in the mountains - cold winds from the north stop the Caucasus Range.

Ethnographic features

Outwardly, Georgians are difficult to distinguish from the crowd: among them there are burning brunettes, and light red with brown, gray, green and blue eyes. They are united by another thing - benevolence and respect for guests. The majority of the population of Georgia are Orthodox Christians who observe rituals; it is not for nothing that several religious holidays are officially celebrated in the country. Crossing at the sight of a church is the norm for a believer. There are also Muslims in the country, mostly also Georgians. However, Georgians are a concept for export, just like all Russians abroad are called Russians. Within this ethnos there are several nationalities with different customs: Kakhetians, Kartlians, Imeretians, Adjarians and many others, mainly speaking Georgian dialects.

Different nationalities are united by ancient history, culture and unique writing, which appeared more than one and a half thousand years ago. Probably, like the Cyrillic alphabet, it has its own author - Mesrop Mashtots, who created alphabets for Armenians and Georgians. It is difficult to assess the diversity of the country's customs in one visit, but as an alternative, you can use the Ethnographic Open Air Museum in Tbilisi, located next to Turtle Lake and Vake Park. It contains about 70 traditional buildings: residential houses, churches, wineries - from different regions of Georgia and thousands of authentic household items. The giant exposition, covering 52 hectares, is open for viewing from 10 am to 6 pm, Monday is a day off. The ticket price for adults is 1.5 GEL.

Country history

Archaeological excavations show that the art of metal processing and winemaking were one of the first in the world to emerge on Georgian soil. The first mentions of the state of Colchis are found in the myth of the journey of the Argonauts for the golden fleece. Not all archaeologists are unequivocally sure of its reality, but the artifacts found reliably confirm that the ancient Caucasian Iberia mentioned by Tacitus in the 4th century. BC NS. really existed. In the 1st century. BC NS. territories were conquered by Rome, but they were given serious autonomy. After the weakening and fall of the Roman Empire, the Laz kingdom passed by inheritance to Byzantium, and Iberia submitted to the Persians.

Middle Ages

The Arab invasions became a serious challenge for the Georgian kingdoms. The first to fall were neighboring Persia and Armenia, the Georgian population was imposed a tribute. Not wanting to convert to Islam, residents went to the highlands, where they could not be reached. Several centuries of scattered struggle have shown that the Georgian kingdoms alone cannot cope with the conquerors. The weakening of the Arab state in the 11th century was taken advantage of by the Bagrationi dynasty, which united several kingdoms in Kartli. But the calm did not last long: Byzantium began to fight for the fertile lands, and then the Seljuk Turks. Fortunately, the beginning of the Crusades distracted the attention of the Turks from the Caucasian lands, and Tsar David the Builder returned almost all the territories back, established trade contacts with Europe and Russia and settled the conquered vacant lands with friendly Polovtsians. The great-granddaughter of the unifying king, Tamara, brought the country to the peak of prosperity, while the Georgians captured part of Byzantium and Persia. Strong ties were established with northern neighbors: Queen Tamara entered into her first marriage with the son of Andrei Bogolyubsky, Yuri. As a husband, he turned out to be extremely unsuccessful, so that after a few years he was peacefully exiled to Constantinople with a rich compensation. Tamara's second husband, the Ossetian prince David-Soslan, became the father of her children. During the reign of the royal couple, applied art and literature flourished in the country, at the same time the peak of Georgian poetry was created - "The Knight in the Panther's Skin" by Shota Rustaveli. After Tamara's death, her daughter Rusudan could not support her mother's undertakings and made peace with the Tatar-Mongols, pledging to pay tribute to them. By the 15th century, the position of Georgia became even more alarming: only Muslim states remained around, the Byzantine Empire no longer existed. The country split into 4 small weakened kingdoms, subsequently divided between Turkey and Iran.

Union with Russia

The Turks were expelled from the country only in the 18th century, at the same time the culture and printing in the Georgian language revived, but the threat of the Turkish invasion remained, besides, the Iranians were strengthening nearby. In such a situation, Georgia had no other choice but to become part of Russia, at least close to the country's inhabitants by faith. At the beginning of the 19th century, the state partly joined the Russian Empire, industry developed in it, roads were laid.

Georgia in the XX century

After the October Revolution, Georgia became independent for some time, part of its territory was transferred to the Turks under a peace treaty. In the early 1920s, the troops of the RSFSR fought with the Georgians, in 1921-1922. the country completely came under the rule of the new Soviet state. After the Second World War, the dissident movement intensified, striving for the secession of Georgia. In 1989, opposition demonstrations were organized in Tbilisi, their suppression by army and militia forces resulted in human casualties. In 1991, Georgia finally became independent, withdrew from the USSR.

The first years of independence were difficult for the country: President Zviad Gamsakhurdia, with a tough national policy, provoked a war with Abkhazia, then with South Ossetia. After his removal and death, the post of head of state was taken by Eduard Shevardnadze, a politician of the Soviet school. By the zero years, military conflicts were neutralized, although the status of Abkhazia in the modern world is still not clearly defined, the economy began to recover. Under the next president, Mikheil Saakashvili, major reforms of the police and bureaucracy took place, while in 2008 the conflict with South Ossetia flared up again. In the 10s, the country took a course towards economic development, investments came to Georgia, followed by foreign tourists.

Natural sights of Georgia

You can admire the landscapes in any corner of Georgia, but the most spectacular natural attractions are concentrated in nature conservation zones and national parks. Tourists are advised to visit them in the warm season, in winter in the mountains the weather is too harsh.

Popular natural parks

Tusheti Park in Kakheti is a protected area with wooded mountains, on which there are several Georgian villages. The entrance is free, the tent can be set up in any convenient place, but there are restrictions: you cannot light fires and hunt, bring pets with you. Closer to the border in Kakheti, in the savannah, Vashlovani Park was opened with mandatory registration so as not to raise questions from the border guards. On the territory it is allowed to fish, make fires. The wild park of Kolkheti with tropical jungle interspersed with swamps is no less interesting.

Mountain peaks

Climbers conquer mountains in the northeastern part of the country. Monasteries and temples sheltered there from enemy raids on many peaks. Among the most inaccessible is the monastery in a cave on Kazbek, at an altitude of about 4 km. The last monks, according to archaeologists, lived there in about the 6th century.

Beaches of Georgia

More than 300 km of the Black Sea coast belongs to Georgia. The swimming season starts in mid-June and ends in October. The largest summer recreation center is the capital of Adjara, Batumi, but the pebble beaches of this port city are not the cleanest. Tourists who plan to spend all their days at sea are advised to stay in quieter villages 20 minutes south of the city. Sandy beaches are located in the vicinity of Ureki, an hour's drive north of Batumi. In summer it is full of people: black magnetic sands help with joint diseases. There are no mountains in the vicinity of Ureki, but there are many mosquitoes. There are also fresh water bodies in Georgia: Tbilisi residents, for example, prefer to relax on the pebbly shore of Turtle Lake.

Resorts of Georgia

Mountain resort Abastumani with dry coniferous air lies 3-4 hours drive west of Tbilisi. Here guests with diseases of the lungs, joints, gynecological problems are expected. About 20 km north-west of Abastumani, there is the Sirm resort, famous for its thermal waters. In a 2-hour drive from the capital in the same direction, there are several sanatoriums in the resort town of Surami. Tskhaltubo in Imereti, 10 minutes north-west of, has been known since the Middle Ages for its mineral waters.

Active rest in Georgia

Back in Soviet times, lovers of winter sports rested in Georgia, ski resorts are waiting for guests today. Popular destinations include regions with stable snow cover. In the Borjomi-Bakuriansky region, the climatic conditions are close to those of the Alpine. Bakuriani has many trails for beginners and professionals; hikers come here in summer too. Skiers and rock climbers are waiting for them. The Gudauri resort in the historical region of Khevi receives athletes from December to April. Climbers train in the surrounding area all year round.

Man-made sights of Georgia

A significant part of the ancient sights of Georgia are monuments of Christian architecture. There are more than three hundred churches dedicated to St. George, the patron saint of Georgia alone. Many of them were built in the millennium before last. The Zion Cathedral, built in the 7th century, stands in the historical center of Tbilisi. It contains a wooden cross of St. Nino, who brought Christianity to Georgia. The cathedral is the seat of the head of the local church, Catholicos Ilia II.

The World Heritage List includes a complex of temples of Mtskheta and its environs: the Samtavro convent of the 4th century, the recently restored Jvari temple of the 7th century and the Svetitskhoveli Cathedral. Bagrat's temple is a controversial object from the point of view of art critics. The ancient cathedral of the 11th century was seriously damaged by the Turks, leaving a dilapidated foundation, on which, nevertheless, services were held. Over the past decade, the complex has been restored, although UNESCO protested against overly radical architectural solutions.

Monuments of secular architecture

If travelers do not have time to travel across the country, they should just wander the streets of the historical center of Tbilisi and enjoy the atmosphere of the ancient city. In the resort town of Vani, the ruins of an ancient city have been preserved. In the south of Georgia, tourists can visit the Khertvisi fortress, which was built from the 10th to the 14th century. The Ananuri fortress on the Georgian Military Highway, the royal fortress Gremi in Kakheti are later monuments of the 16th-18th centuries. Sighnaghi, a tourist paradise with 18th century fortress walls, red-tiled roofs and panoramic views, has been rebuilt 2 hours east of Tbilisi.

Museums of the country

The network of the Georgian National Museum includes natural science, history and art collections. Among the most popular among tourists is the capital's Museum of Art of Georgia with unique items of medieval national art. In the city of Zugdidi, tourists visit the 19th century Dadiani Palace, surrounded by an imposing park. The ticket price is 2 GEL, you can hire a Russian-speaking guide. The Jakeli castle in the Akhaltsikhe fortress was recently restored and also turned into a museum.

Holidays in Georgia

They love to relax in Georgia on a grand scale, celebrating both traditional for the former USSR holidays: New Year, March 8, Victory Day, and unique ones.

Social and political holidays

Independence Day, when Georgia seceded from the Russian Empire and became a separate state, is celebrated on May 26. Even though the state formed in 1918 existed for only 3 years and regained its independence only in 1991, this day is still significant for Georgians. A military parade is being held along Rustaveli Avenue, a festive concert is being organized in Rika, the historical center of Tbilisi.

April 9 in Georgia - Day of National Unity in memory of the events of 1989, when protests were held in Tbilisi, which were brutally suppressed by the police and the military.

Religious holidays

Many Orthodox holidays in the country are celebrated as state holidays, a day off is declared. November 23 is a solemn day for the Georgian believers of St. George, the patron saint of the country. On this day, he was on the wheel by order of the emperor Diocletian, so that he renounced Christianity. Saint Nino, a paternal relative of the martyr, an enlightener of Georgia, introduced the people to the exploits of the saint. From Cappadocia, her homeland, in the 4th century she came to Iberia, where she preached so successfully that she converted the whole country to Christianity. Since then, this is the most revered female name, like George - among men. In churches on this day, solemn services are held, at home the holiday is celebrated with family feasts.

Easter customs in Georgia are generally similar to Russian ones, but believers begin to celebrate an important event from Good Friday, declared a non-working day. On Christmas Day, a festive procession takes place in Tbilisi, during which gifts for charitable purposes are collected. Candles light up in the windows of the faithful. The Epiphany of the Lord on January 19 is widely celebrated, more actively than in Russia. On May 12, St. Andrew's Day is celebrated, on August 28, services are held in memory of the Assumption of the Virgin.

An unusual holiday has appeared quite recently - this is the Day of Spiritual Love on July 16. The main celebrations are not held in Tbilisi cathedrals, as usual, but in Gergeti, in the Trinity Church of the XIV century. The church is located at an altitude of more than 2 km at the foot of Kazbek, 3 hours drive north of the capital.

On October 14, another event outside Tbilisi is held - Mtskhetoba. The place of service is the Svetitskhoveli temple, built on the burial place of Christ's robe in Mtskheta, 40 minutes drive north-west of the capital. The first wooden temple on this site was erected in the 4th century, a stone building that has survived to this day appeared in the 11th century. This is the resting place of Georgian kings from the Bagration dynasty, which for many centuries was the main church of the country.

Unofficial holidays

Grape harvest time marks Rtveli, when men come home with the first baskets and women prepare a treat for the whole family.

Love Day is held on April 15 when couples give each other gifts. It was introduced so that the people would abandon Valentine's Day as a Catholic holiday, but Georgians seized the opportunity and now celebrate both days with joy.

On Tbilisi City Day in October, fairs and theatrical performances are held in the capital.

Georgian cuisine

Going to Georgia just to get acquainted with its culinary traditions on the spot is a worthy goal. Since the country is Christian, all types of meat are used, but a clear preference is given to beef, chicken and turkey. Fish on the tables is much less common, despite the fact that trout of exceptional quality is caught in mountain rivers. Sea fishing in Georgia is generally not very developed, since the coastline is straight, without bays convenient for anchorage of ships. The lack of fish dishes is compensated by the abundance of vegetables and fruits, since everything grows in the Georgian climate. Chefs use nuts, most often walnuts, spices and fresh herbs with a rich taste: cilantro, basil, tarragon. There are many pickled cheeses in the daily menu, both unleavened suluguni and spicy chanakh. They are not used as an appetizer, but as part of the first and second courses. Simple base dishes are diversified with a wide variety of sauces with a berry and fruit base, complemented by nuts and herbs.

Only in Georgia can you taste the authentic tkemali sauce based on local plums, satsivi with wine vinegar or pomegranate juice. Local chefs prepare a real kharcho soup - with the addition of plums and walnuts and many spices, which are laid in several stages. A popular second dish, chakhokhbili, is most often made with chicken fried and then stewed in vegetables. Chicken or turkey is also used in satsivi with the sauce of the same name. Tapaka chickens are fried under pressure, which gives them their characteristic flattened shape. More than 40 types of lobio are prepared in Georgia - the second of the beans. Dishes less known to Russian tourists are gomi chumiza gruel, mchadi corn flour cakes.

There are few sweet dishes in Georgian cuisine - they are replaced by fresh and candied fruits, honey, juices. The main exception is churchkhela, which is made from thickened grape juice and nuts. The semi-finished product ripens for several months, but at the same time remains soft.

There are several wine regions in Georgia, for tasting it is most convenient to travel independently along the Kakheti Alazani Valley, to the east of the capital. For those who do not risk traveling alone, wine tours are organized to the best wineries in the country. Connoisseurs advise paying attention to Georgian white wine: it rarely arrives in Russian stores, meanwhile it often surpasses red in taste and aroma.

Shopping in Georgia

The day when foreigners will come to Georgia for shopping tours will not come soon, although you can buy goods of all world brands in Tbilisi shopping centers. In the meantime, tourists take with them handicrafts: silver jewelry and household items with enamels, homespun towels and rugs - and the best Georgian food and drinks: wine, grape seed oil, churchkhela, homemade cheese, spices, real tkemali sauce. Souvenir shops are scattered throughout the capital, goods are cheaper in the markets and you can bargain. The “flea market” near the House of Justice on the banks of the Kura near the Dry Bridge is in demand among tourists. Shops close around 7pm, supermarkets are open late or around the clock, markets are closed on Mondays.

Prices in Georgia

You can visit a restaurant without denying yourself anything for about $ 20, but if you eat modestly, ordering inexpensive khinkali, you can keep within $ 5. Anyone who rents an apartment in the capital and plans to cook on their own buys near the Central Station at the Deserter Market, where the prices for food are the lowest. A bottle of decent wine costs no less than $ 10, churchkhela - about a dollar.

Cash and bank cards

Bank cards MasterCard and Visa are freely accepted for payment in the capital. Local currency - lari and tetri - are best carried with you in the market, in transport and in provincial cities. When exchanging for lari, banks charge a small commission.

Visas and customs regulations

Visa regimes between Russia and Georgia have changed frequently lately. The latter option is attractive for tourists: to enter the country for a year, a passport is enough, a visa is not needed. An important detail concerns the status of the disputed territories. Tourists should be aware that entering Georgia through Abkhazia from the Russian side is fraught with a fine and expulsion from the country. It is also not recommended to travel through Abkhazia: there will be no exit stamp in the passport, and the Georgian border guards may not like this on their next visit.

You can export up to 3 liters of wine from Georgia without duty, 2 more - with an additional charge. Some tourists manage to smuggle more through Russian customs, but success is not guaranteed. You can import any amount in cash, not in Georgian currency; within a year, the same amount can be taken back.

Transport in Georgia

Tbilisi has a metro with two lines and 22 visually spectacular stations, covering almost the entire city. This is the most economical type of transport, travel is paid by a card, on which money is deposited and 50 tetri is automatically debited during the next trip. Information at the stations is presented in Georgian and English. The metro operates from 6 am to midnight, the interval between trains is about 4 minutes, less during rush hours.

There are about 100 bus routes in Tbilisi from 8 am to 10 pm. Payment in city buses is accepted using the same plastic card or in cash without change. Within an hour and a half after traveling on the metro, a bus ticket that usually costs 50 tetri is issued free of charge. Hiring a taxi for a full day will cost about 200 GEL, a short trip within the same district will cost an average of 5 GEL. Fixed-route taxis and trains run to the regions.

Where to stay

There are no problems with the choice of housing in Georgia. A room in a guesthouse costs from $ 10 per day, modest apartments can be rented for $ 40, for a long term rent is cheaper. Hotel room - from $ 20, average price - $ 50. The national parks offer affordable campgrounds and guest houses. In the seaside areas private traders rent housing, announcements in Russian can be found right on the road from the beach.

Security issues in Georgia

Personal security issues in Georgia are well resolved, tourists can be calm. The maximum that can happen is a little cheated on the market, in an exchange office or in a taxi, but this is the standard attitude towards foreigners in any resort center in the world. Girls are not threatened by a violent Caucasian temperament: in Georgia, a woman, especially a guest, is treated very respectfully. Passers-by will always give directions and help if required. From natural hazards, earthquakes of up to 7 points are possible, especially in the eastern part of the country.

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Until 1936, in Russian the city was called Tiflis, and in Georgian - Tpilisi (Georgian ტფილისი) - the old Georgian name. It got its name because of the warm sulfur springs (translated from Georgian "tbili" (mouth "tpili") means "warm").


Population

The historical dynamics of population growth and ethno-confessionality was varied. From the 5th to the 7th century, the population of Tbilisi grew rapidly due to the transfer of the capital from the city of Mtskheta. During the period of Arab rule in Tbilisi (VII-XI centuries - Tbilisi Emirate), the majority of the population was of the Muslim faith and was a mixture of Georgian and newcomer Arab and non-Arab population. From the 9th to the 18th century, the city developed greatly. Arabs and Turks built many buildings here. From 1216 until the end of the 18th century, the population of Tbilisi was from time to time subjected to repression and extermination by the conquerors. From the end of the 18th century, after the mass extermination of the Christian population of Tbilisi by the Persians in 1795, until the 20s of the 20th century, almost half of the city's population was made up of Armenians and Muslims (mainly Azerbaijanis).

Population, language, religion

According to the 2002 census in Tbilisi, out of 1,081,679 residents, Georgians accounted for 84.2% (910,712 people), Armenians - 7.6% (82,586 people), Russians and Ukrainians - 3.3% (35,908 people). ), Azerbaijanis - 1.0% (10,942 people), Ossetians - 0.9% (10,268 people), Greeks - 0.4% (3,792 people), and others - 2.5% (27,471 people. ).

The official language is Georgian. About 90% of the believers [source not specified 42 days] of the capital belong to the Georgian Orthodox Church. There are Armenian Gregorians and Muslims in the city, as well as a small number of Catholics, Jews and Yezidis.

Natural conditions

Tbilisi is located in the Tbilisi Basin, stretching for almost 30 km in a narrow strip in the valley of the Kura River and along the adjacent mountain slopes. The climate is mild continental, with long warm, often hot summers, long warm springs and very mild winters.

The fauna of the city's environs is very diverse, there are such animals as foxes, striped hyenas, jackals, wolves. There are many reptiles and birds. The Tbilisi National Park was created in the region with the aim of protecting natural complexes and preserving biodiversity.

History

Legend

According to the legend, initially the territory of Tbilisi was covered with forest. According to the most widespread version of the legend, during the hunt of King Vakhtang Gorgasal in the 5th century, the king's hawk was boiled into the spring. Due to the medicinal properties of the thermal springs, and the strategic location, Vakhtang ordered the founding of a city called "warm" in the 5th century. At present, the Abanotubani quarter is located at the place of foundation (Georgian აბანოთუბანი - "baths quarter").

Base

According to archaeological data, a settlement of Kipchaks existed on the territory of Tbilisi as early as the 4th millennium BC. NS. The earliest mention of this place is found in the chronicle of the second half of the 5th century, when King Varaz-Bakur founded a fortress on this place. At the end of the 5th century, the fortress became the seat of the Tbilisi Pityakhshes. Since the 5th century, the city again becomes the seat of the Kartli kings. In the second half of the 5th century, during the reign of Shah Ali Jirtakhan, the city was rebuilt and renewed.

Cultural significance

Tbilisi is an ancient cultural center of Georgia. In the southeastern part of the city, there is its historical core - the Old Town with narrow streets that have preserved the features of medieval buildings. Here you can see the ruins of the Narikala citadel, founded by the Sassanian king Anushirvan Khosroy (famous for his nickname Adil the Just), later completed by the Turks in the 16th-17th centuries, the Anchiskhati stone church, the Metekhi church, the Sioni cathedral and the baths of King Rustom. The modern quarters of Jirtakhan have a more European look, beautiful multi-storey buildings face wide boulevards and avenues with shady trees.

Theaters

Tbilisi is famous for its rich theatrical traditions. Every year on January 14, the day of the Georgian theater is celebrated. It was on this day in 1850 that a play by the founder of the Georgian theater, Georgy Eristavi, was shown for the first time in Tbilisi. Then it was the first and only professional Georgian theater. Today, there are more than a dozen theaters of various directions in the capital of Georgia.
Tbilisi Academic Theater named after K. Mardzhanishvili is one of the leading drama theaters in Georgia, located in Tbilisi.
Tbilisi Academic Drama Theater named after Sh. Rustaveli is one of the leading drama theaters in Georgia, located in Tbilisi on Rustaveli Avenue.
Tbilisi State Theater named after S. Akhmeteli
Tbilisi Musical Comedy Theater V. Abashidze - The theater was founded in Tbilisi in 1934 by Mikhail Chiaureli and D. Dzneladze on the basis of the Georgian mobile music and drama theater "Coopteater", which existed since 1926.
Tbilisi Azerbaijan Drama Theater named after Heydar Aliyev - The theater was founded in Tbilisi back in tsarist times in 1909. During the Soviet period in 1922 it received the status of the State Theater.
Tbilisi Theater of the Tsar's Quarter
Tbilisi theater basement
Georgian Opera and Ballet Theater. Paliashvili is an opera and ballet theater in the city of Tbilisi, the largest musical theater in Georgia. The theater was founded in 1851. Located on Rustaveli Avenue.
Tbilisi Puppet Theater Rezo Gabriadze
Tbilisi Theater for Young Spectators is one of the first children's theaters in the Caucasus. Founded by Nikolai Marshak in 1927.
Tbilisi Russian Drama Theater. A.S. Griboyedov is a drama theater in Georgia, located in Tbilisi on Rustaveli Avenue. The theater was founded in 1932.
Veriko Theater, created by Kote Makharadze and Sofiko Chiaureli

sights

In the Mushtaidi park there is a children's railway opened in 1935. Officially, it is considered the world's first railroad built and operated by children.

Among the sights, the most beautiful is Sameba Cathedral (from Georgian - "Church of the Holy Trinity"), the residence of the head of the Georgian Orthodox Church (previously the residence was the Sioni Temple).

Freedom Square is very beautiful with its statue of St. George the Victorious, built by Zurab Tsereteli.

Another attraction is the Tbilisi TV Tower.

Tbilisi Botanical Garden with four hundred years of history and a waterfall is located at the foot of the ancient fortress Narikala.

There is also a unique monument of late Soviet architecture in Tbilisi - the building of the Ministry of Highways of the Georgian SSR (Tbilisi).

Transport

There is a subway in Tbilisi. Until 2006, the city had a trolleybus and tram network. Also in Tbilisi is the main airport of Georgia - the international airport "Tbilisi".

Address: Tbilisi

2 Freedom Square, Tbilisi, Georgia

Tbilisi is the capital of Georgia, its heart. It is the largest city in the country, an important economic, political, transport, scientific, cultural and spiritual center. The history of the city of Tbilisi goes back several centuries, its old name is Tiflis - in 2008 it turned 1550 years old. Consider all the iconic sights of Tbilisi in our online city overview.

Tbilisi in translation means "warm spring", and from Georgian "tbili" - warm. The name and origin of this city is associated with the warm sulfur springs that are located on its territory. Also, this city has an old name - Tiflis.

Tbilisi map, location and climate

Tbilisi Is a city in southeastern Georgia, stretching on the banks of the Kura River (in Georgian - Mtkvari). The city is located in a gorge between three hills, thanks to the residential quarters are tiers: the height of the streets here ranges from 400 to 1000 meters.

Tbilisi has almost everything that will be of interest to a tourist: ancient monuments, modern centers, mountains, forests, plains and lakes.

Tbilisi is administratively divided into 9 districts. Of these, 3 cultural centers can be distinguished: Old Town, Sololaki and Avlabar. There are areas of secondary historical and architectural significance: Mtatsminda, Chugureti and Vera. The rest are modern quarters.

The climate of Tbilisi is characterized by hot summers and mild winters. The hottest weather is in July. It is especially hot in the summer in the Old City, a little cooler in the districts located in the mountains (Mtatsminda, Nitsubidze plateau or Vazisubani).

In winter, there are rarely frosts, the air temperature can rise up to 10 degrees Celsius, but strong winds often blow.

Tbilisi is quite diverse in terms of its ethnic composition. In addition to the indigenous population (Georgians), Armenians, Russians, Ossetians, Azerbaijanis, Greeks, and others live here.

History of Tbilisi

The city of Tbilisi was founded in the 5th century AD by Vakhtang Gorgasali. And already in the 6th century it became the capital of Iberia - a state that at that time was the territory of modern Georgia.

There is also a legend about the origin of Tbilisi. It says that during the hunt of King Vakhtang Gorgasali, his falcon, along with its prey - a pheasant - fell into a hot spring. Having found this source, the king ordered to build a city in its place.

At the moment, on the site of the legendary spring is located Abanotubani quarter- the most ancient district of the city of Tbilisi.

National symbols

The symbols of the city are traditionally the flag, coat of arms and seal.

The flag of Tbilisi has a rectangular shape and consists of 4 colors: white, blue, golden and dark red.

The flag depicts two intersecting stripes, at their intersection depicting the coat of arms of the city. Seven seven-pointed stars are located around the coat of arms.

The coat of arms and seal of the city reflect the content of the legend about the capital of Georgia.

They depict the symbols of Tbilisi:

• bird - according to the legend about the city's appearance;
• oak branch - symbolizes the strength and eternity of the country and the Georgian people;
• wave (or other water theme) is a symbol of the Mtkvari River, on which the city is located.

Tbilisi sightseeing

Tbilisi Is a very popular city. A large number of monuments of ancient architecture and history, modern cultural monuments, many parks and places for recreation - all this will not leave indifferent any guest, and he will definitely take a photo of Tbilisi's sights as a souvenir.

Old city

The main historical center of Tbilisi is the Old City, where the main attractions are located. It is located at the foot of Mount Mtatsminda. This area consists of old narrow brick-paved streets. Almost all buildings in this part of the city are of cultural and historical value. Here you can see the ruins of ancient medieval buildings, the history of which goes back 3-4 centuries.

The old town has cultural significance. There are museums, galleries, and artists display their works on the streets for sale to tourists.

Shota Rustaveli Theater

The largest theater in Georgia is located on the central street - the Academic Theater named after Shota Rustaveli. In addition, tourists can visit architectural and cultural monuments - the Tbilisi Opera House and the Philharmonic.

On Rustaveli Avenue can be located.

At the end of the avenue is the Freedom Square with the famous stela of St. George.

Since Tbilisi is the capital of Georgia, administrative buildings are located on the central street, which also represent the city's landmarks. Among them are the building of the Parliament of Georgia, the Central Telegraph and others.

Modern monuments

The most important modern monument is considered to be a pedestrian bridge over the Kura River. It connects Rike Park and Heraclius II Street. The creator of this masterpiece was the Italian architect Michele de Lucchi. The bridge is a steel frame 156 meters long, which has a glass cover. At night, the bridge is illuminated by 30 thousand bright bulbs. Lighting designer - Frenchman Philippe Martineau.

The bridge of peace

Read about what to see in Tbilisi if you come for 3 days.

How to get to Tbilisi

You can get to Tbilisi by plane. Reconstruction of the main airport of Georgia was completed in 2007. Since then, it has been a modern and functional building. During the renovation, a new terminal, parking lot, runways and other elements necessary for a high level of airport operation were built.

From Russia you can come by car along the Georgian Military Highway. Or by sea to Batumi, and from Batumi by train.

Public transport

Urban transport of the city is represented by the subway, buses and fixed-route taxis.

Payment in any public transport (metro, bus) can be made with a plastic card. The cost is 50 tetri.

Plastic card for payment of travel

The metro in Tbilisi has been operating since 1966. Payment is made by plastic cards. The subway schedule is from 6.00 to 24.00. The names of the stations and announcements in the carriages are announced in Georgian and English.

Tram and trolleybus lines in Tbilisi were eliminated. Instead of electric transport, bus and minibus routes were developed.

In addition to plastic cards, payment on buses is made with tickets that can be purchased directly in the transport in the terminal, the fare is 0.5 lari (15 rubles).

The cash register only accepts the exact amount and does not give change. The driver is not allowed to pay for the fare.

Public transport in Tbilisi runs strictly on schedule and stops only at bus stops. At bus stations there are electronic boards that show the arrival of the nearest transport.

Route taxis are air-conditioned minibuses with 16 seats. You can pay for travel in them in three ways: by a plastic card, through a cash register and personally to the driver. Minibuses stop at the request of passengers.

Tbilisi hotels

Tbilisi Marriott- the main hotel of the country of luxury class with a five-star service. Located in the city center on Shota Rustaveli Avenue. The hotel was built in the early 1900s. Then she provided her services for business people, ambassadors and diplomats.

In 2002 the hotel was renovated. The building was built in the Baroque style, has 6 floors and 127 rooms. The cost of a room in this hotel is from $ 150 per day.

There are a lot of hotels, hotel houses and hotel complexes in Tbilisi. Room rates range from $ 30 to $ 400.

Georgia is known to everyone as a hospitable country. Its inhabitants love feasts and honor their traditions. Tbilisi is the heart of Georgia, an unusual and interesting city for tourists. Having visited it once, you will definitely want to come here again.

Do you want to come here? The Viva-Georgia team will organize an excursion or tour for you, make the best travel route and provide any other assistance in your trip.

Tbilisi is not just the capital of Georgia, but also a typical city of contrasts. The diversity of buildings, local flavor and soulfulness of people are especially felt here. In Tbilisi, there are many within walking distance, beautiful surroundings, good and quite affordable prices. There is excellent public transport inside the city: buses, taxis. Thanks to this, you can easily get to almost any part of the capital.

Despite the many positive aspects, Tbilisi, like any other tourist destination, has its drawbacks. For example, bad sidewalks in some parts of the city, exchange offices with veiled commissions and stifling heat during the height of the summer season. But these little things absolutely do not prevent a huge number of travelers from all over the world to come and relax in it every year.

From a height, Tbilisi no longer seems as motley as it really is. New buildings are hiding under the more familiar roofs and greenery of the city.

The city is perfect to visit at any time of the year- tourists will always find something to entertain and occupy themselves with. More details about the important sights of the capital, read our separate article: We will not list all the fascinating places of Tbilisi again, we will only briefly indicate the most exciting for travelers.

Shops in Tbilisi: from a grocery supermarket to a technical department

Grocery stores, supermarkets and bakeries in some districts of Tbilisi come across often, although not as much as, for example, in Batumi. The prices are affordable, and the choice is wide. Those who have come to the city for a long time prefer to shop in the market, where it turns out a little cheaper, and you can even chat with the locals. An article for those who are interested cost of products in the capital:

The choice of equipment in stores is very diverse, and the price is slightly higher than in native post-Soviet countries. Therefore, if you urgently need something small, for example, a card for a camera or a flash drive, then feel free to buy it here, you will practically not lose anything. We do not recommend purchasing larger equipment (camera, laptop, etc.) in Tbilisi, as well as in Georgia in general.

Options how and what to get to Tbilisi

The city has railway stations, bus stations and about 15.5 kilometers from the center of Tbilisi. The most convenient and fastest way to get to the capital of Georgia is by plane. Depending on the chosen month of travel and the city from which you are going to depart, the price can vary enormously.

The main train station is quite far from the city center (see below). Passengers from other cities come here. In addition, they travel from Tbilisi-Passenger to Azerbaijan and Armenia.

The first time we got to Tbilisi was by train from Batumi. It was moderately comfortable (with free Wi-Fi and working sockets) and slightly chilly (with the air conditioner on). Tickets were the cheapest (2nd class, by 23 GEL COURSE OF GEORGIAN LARI:
23 lari = 7.61 euros;
23 lari = 8.74 dollars;
23 lari = 580.06 rubles;
23 lari = 244.72 hryvnia;
23 lari = 19.55 Belarusian rubles.
Course and prices may not be accurate. per person). The train went all night. The sitting chairs did not allow me to really relax and sleep well. An option worthy of attention, but not the best in terms of convenience: suitcases stand in certain places of the carriage all together, from the station to the hotel or apartment you have to get separately (if very early or bad weather, you will have to additionally call a taxi).

Many people come to Tbilisi from other parts of Georgia by bus. The city's main bus station is conveniently located, a few hundred meters away from the Didube metro station. From the Tbilisi station, there are transport in different directions (once we went from it to). It should be borne in mind: in Georgia, minibuses are mostly old and worn out. Some offer passengers extra seats inside - on a side chair, or you can ride standing for several hours. Often, luggage travels on the roof of the bus, strapped along with other suitcases and trunks. The schedule is rather arbitrary: when the minibus is assembled, then it will leave.

Lately, we go to Tbilisi and other cities of Georgia,. It turns out much more convenient and interesting. Drivers often suggest visiting nearby attractions along the way. For example, during a trip from Batumi to Tbilisi, we stopped in Uplistsikhe and Gori, and approaching Akhaltsikh, stopped in our hearts and walked around the territory of the Green Monastery. In the car, each passenger is allocated a bottle of drinking water, sometimes there are sweets and stronger drinks. The drivers are attentive and sociable. Stay on request, help with luggage. An indisputable plus of renting a car with a driver: you will be taken to the specified house, regardless of the time spent on the road and the weather. On our last trip to Tbilisi, ordering a car played into our hands - a terrible storm with rain and wind broke out at the entrance to the city. In some places in Tbilisi, water flowed down the road in a continuous stream up to the middle of the wheel. It is hard to imagine what we would do if we went by train. Probably, I would have to order a taxi for any money. We rent cars with drivers on the Gotrip.ge website.

Transport within the capital of Georgia

A tourist can move around the city in several ways suitable for him: by minibus, by metro, by or taxi.

For the first two options, it is advisable to purchase a special card and put some money on it. Further, with the help of the card, travelers can ride the aforementioned transport and the cable car, and at the end of the vacation, check in to the cashier and return not only the balance, but also its full cost.

For those who are interested: In detail about the features of public transport in Tbilisi and

It is better to negotiate with taxi drivers in Tbilisi through the locals, otherwise you risk spending twice the amount you need on the trip, or you will simply be driven in "circles", increasing the mileage.

If you need to book a transfer to or from the airport, it's better. This option guarantees a fixed price with no markups, as well as fast and accurate delivery to the desired location. In addition, the driver will tell you the best place for, advise on delicious national dishes. You can order a transfer from Tbilisi to the airport using the active link (highlighted in blue).

Accommodation in Tbilisi: hotels and apartments of the city

So that living in the capital of Georgia does not turn into an unpleasant surprise for you, we recommend choosing accommodation in advance, and not at the last moment and not too much chasing savings. It should be understood that Tbilisi is a rather ancient city with its own specifics. It has both old and new neighborhoods that may not have beautiful sights, cheap shops or a huge selection of restaurants nearby.

Our reviews about the capital of Georgia

A few personal impressions of our visits to Tbilisi: how do we remember the city? Is it worth going back there? What did you like the most? We hope that our subjective opinions about the capital of Georgia will help you navigate and decide whether to go to Tbilisi or not.