Map of Europe by region. List of Western European countries and their capitals. Southern European states

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You can support the project and get access much earlier than the start of open testing by contacting [email protected] with the phrase “I want to support.”

Europe is part of the continent of Eurasia. This part of the world is home to 10% of the world's population. Europe owes its name to the heroine of ancient Greek mythology. Europe is washed by the seas of the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. Inland seas - Black, Mediterranean, Marmara. The eastern and southeastern border of Europe runs along Ural ridge, the Emba River and the Caspian Sea.

IN Ancient Greece believed that Europe is a separate continent that separates the Black and Aegean sea, and from Africa - the Mediterranean Sea. Later it was found that Europe is only part of a huge continent. The area of ​​the islands that make up the continent is 730 thousand square kilometers. 1/4 of the territory of Europe falls on the peninsulas - Apennine, Balkan, Kola, Scandinavian and others.

The most high point Europe - the peak of Mount Elbrus, which is 5642 meters above sea level. A map of Europe with cities shows that the largest lakes in the region are Geneva, Chudskoye, Onega, Ladoga and Balaton.

All European countries are divided into 4 regions - Northern, Southern, Western and Eastern. Europe consists of 65 countries. 50 countries are independent states, 9 are dependent and 6 are unrecognized republics. Fourteen countries are islands, 19 are inland, and 32 countries have access to oceans and seas. The map of Europe in Russian shows the borders of all European states. The three states have their territories in both Europe and Asia. These are Russia, Kazakhstan and Türkiye. Spain, Portugal and France have part of their territory in Africa. Denmark and France have their territories in America.

The European Union includes 27 countries, and the NATO bloc includes 25. There are 47 states in the Council of Europe. The most small state Europe - the Vatican, and the largest - Russia.

The collapse of the Roman Empire marked the beginning of the division of Europe into Eastern and Western. Eastern Europe is the largest region of the continent. In Slavic countries the Orthodox religion predominates, in the rest - Catholicism. Cyrillic and Latin scripts are used. Western Europe unites Latin-speaking states. This part of the continent is the most economically developed part in the world. The Scandinavian and Baltic states unite to form Northern Europe. South Slavic, Greek and Romance-speaking countries form Southern Europe.

Foreign Europe- this is part European continent and several islands occupying total area about 5 million sq. km. Approximately 8% of the world's population lives here. Using a map of Foreign Europe by geography, you can determine the size of this region:

• from north to south its territory occupies 5 thousand km;
• from east to west, Europe stretches for almost 3 thousand km.

The region has a fairly diverse topography - there are flat and hilly areas, mountains and coastal coasts. Thanks to this geographical location in Europe there are various climatic zones. Foreign Europe is in a favorable geographical and economic position. It is conventionally divided into four areas:

• western;
• eastern;
• northern;
• southern

Each region includes about a dozen countries.

Rice. 1. Overseas Europe is shown in blue on the map.

Traveling from one end of Europe to the other, you can visit eternal glaciers and subtropical forests.

Countries of Foreign Europe

Foreign Europe was formed by four dozen countries. There are other countries on the European continent, but they do not belong to Foreign Europe, but are part of the CIS.

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Countries include republics, principalities, and kingdoms. Each of them has its own natural resources.

Almost all countries have maritime borders or are located a short distance from the sea. This opens up additional trade and economic routes. The countries of Foreign Europe on the map are mostly small in size. This is especially noticeable in comparison with Russia, China, the USA and Canada. However, this does not prevent them from being one of the most highly developed in the world.

Rice. 2. Countries of Foreign Europe

Almost the entire population belongs to the Indo-European group, with the exception of emigrants from other countries. Most of the population preaches Christianity. Europe is one of the most urbanized regions, meaning that about 78% of the total population lives in cities.

The table below shows European countries and capitals, indicating the number of inhabitants and area.

Table. Composition of Foreign Europe.

As you can see, the geographical picture of Foreign Europe is very diverse. The countries that make up it can be divided into several groups according to their location.

• Inland, that is, not having borders with the sea. This includes 12 countries. Examples - Slovakia, Hungary.
• Four countries are islands, or located entirely on islands. An example is Great Britain.
• Peninsulars are located entirely or partially on a peninsula. For example, Italy.

Rice. 3. Iceland is one of the island states Europe

The most highly developed economically and technically are four European countries - Italy, Great Britain, Germany, France. They are part of the G7 along with Canada, Japan and the United States.

What have we learned?

Foreign Europe is a relatively small area of ​​the European continent, including 40 countries. Most of them have sea borders, some are located on islands. Geographical location European countries in most cases favorable. Foreign Europe has connections with the whole world.

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If we do not take into account dependent regions and incompletely recognized states, then Europe in 2017 covers 44 powers. Each of them has a capital, in which not only its administration is located, but also the highest authority, that is, the government of the state.

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European countries

The territory of Europe extends from east to west for more than 3 thousand kilometers, and from south to north (from the island of Crete to the island of Spitsbergen) for 5 thousand kilometers. The majority of European powers are relatively small. With such small sizes of territories and good transport accessibility, these states either closely border each other or are separated by very short distances.

The European continent is divided territorially into parts:

• western;
• eastern;
• northern;
• southern

All powers, located on the European continent, belong to one of these territories.

• IN western region There are 11 countries.
• In the east - 10 (including Russia).
• In the north - 8.
• In the south - 15.

We list all European countries and their capitals. We will divide the list of countries and capitals of Europe into four parts according to the territorial and geographical position of the powers on the world map.

Western

List of states belonging to Western Europe, with a list of main cities:

The countries of Western Europe are washed mainly by currents Atlantic Ocean and only in the north of the Scandinavian Peninsula they border on the waters of the Arctic Ocean. In general, these are highly developed and prosperous powers. But they stand out as an unfavorable demographic situation. This is a low birth rate and a low level of natural increase in population. In Germany there is even a population decline. All this led to the fact that developed Western Europe began to play the role of a subregion in the global system of population migration; it turned into the main center of labor immigration.

Eastern

List of states located in the eastern zone of the European continent and their capitals:

Eastern European countries have a lower level economic development than its western neighbors. However, they better preserved their cultural and ethnic identity. Eastern Europe is more of a cultural and historical region than a geographical one. The Russian expanses can also be classified as the eastern territory of Europe. And the geographic center of Eastern Europe is located approximately within Ukraine.

Northern

The list of states included in northern Europe, including capitals, looks like this:

The territories of the states of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jutland, the Baltic States, the islands of Spitsbergen and Iceland are included in the northern part of Europe. The population of these regions makes up only 4% of the entire European population. Most big country Eight is Sweden, and the smallest is Iceland. The population density in these lands is lower in Europe - 22 people/m2, and in Iceland - only 3 people/m2. This is due to the harsh conditions of the climatic zone. But economic development indicators highlight northern Europe as the leader of the entire world economy.

South

And finally, the most numerous list of territories located in the southern part and the capitals of European states:

The Balkan and Iberian peninsulas are occupied by these southern European powers. Industry is developed here, especially ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. The countries are rich in mineral resources. IN agriculture main efforts aimed at growing food products such as:

• grape;
• olives;
• pomegranate;
• dates.

It is known that Spain is the world's leading olive harvesting country. It is here that 45% of all olive oil in the world is produced. Spain is also famous for its famous artists - Salvador Dali, Pablo Picasso, Joan Miró.

European Union

The idea of ​​​​creating a single community of European powers appeared in the middle of the twentieth century, or more precisely after the Second World War. The official unification of the countries of the European Union (EU) occurred only in 1992, when this union was sealed by the legal consent of the parties. Over time, the membership of the European Union has expanded and now includes 28 allies. And states that want to join these prosperous countries will have to prove their compliance with European foundations and EU principles, such as:

• protection of citizens' rights;
• democracy;
• freedom of trade in a developed economy.

EU Members

The European Union in 2017 includes the following states:

Today there are also candidate countries to join this foreign community. These include:

1. Albania.
2. Serbia.
3. Macedonia.
4. Montenegro.
5. Türkiye.

On the map of the European Union you can clearly see its geography, European countries and their capitals.

Regulations and prerogatives of EU partners

The EU has a customs policy under which its members can trade with each other without tariffs and without restrictions. And in relation to other powers, the accepted customs tariff applies. Having common laws, the EU countries created a single market and introduced a single monetary currency- euro. Many EU member countries are part of the so-called Schengen zone, which allows their citizens to move freely throughout the territory of all allies.

The European Union has governing bodies common to its member countries, which include:

• European Court.
• European Parliament.
• European Commission.
• The audit community that controls the EU budget.

Despite the unity, European states that have joined the community have complete independence and state sovereignty. Each country uses its own national language and has its own governing bodies. But there are certain criteria for all participants, and they must meet them. For example, coordination of all important political decisions with the European Parliament.

It should be noted that since its founding, only one power has left the European community. This was the Danish autonomy - Greenland. In 1985, she was outraged by the low quotas imposed by the European Union on fishing. You can also recall the sensational events of 2016 referendum in Great Britain, when the population voted for the country to leave the European Union. This suggests that even in such an influential and seemingly stable community, serious problems are brewing.

We would like to make an early announcement of an absolutely unique and breakthrough service for...

We would like to make an early announcement of an absolutely unique and breakthrough service for planning independent travel, which our team is developing. A beta version will be released next year. The service will be an aggregator of everything possible and necessary for planning a trip to any country. In this case, everything will be on one page and one click away from the goal. A distinctive feature of this service from other similar ones, although there are no close analogues, is that we will not slip you the most profitable affiliate programs without alternative, as everyone else does. You will always have a choice from almost all possible options.

Let's give an example of what everyone does and what we won't do: all travel sites usually take you along this kind of uncontested path: Air tickets - aviasales.ru, accommodation - booking.com, transfer - kiwitaxi.ru. With us you will have access to all options without priority to anyone.

You can support the project and get access much earlier than the start of open testing by contacting [email protected] with the phrase “I want to support.”