Finland joulupukki. Where in Finland is the magical Santa Claus village? Residence of Finnish Santa Claus: where Joulupukki lives
Joulupukki means "Yule goat" in Finnish. This name came from the Middle Ages, when Yule was celebrated - the holiday of the winter solstice and during the celebration the Yule goat went from house to house and checked whether everything was ready for the celebration: whether the house was clean, whether the necessary dishes were prepared, whether the owners of the house had new clothes. To appease the Yule goat, the housewives left him a special treat - shanezhki and cloudberry jam. In the 19th century, the role of the Yule goat changes - now it delivers gifts at Christmas.
By the end of the 19th century, the functions of the Yule goat were transferred to St. Nicholas, but the old name "Youlupukki" remains. The goat past continues in that Joulupukki now delivers gifts on goats.
Also a modern attribute of Christmas in Finland are straw or wooden Yule goats.
In 1930, an American of Finnish-Swedish origin, Haddon Sundblom, came up with the image of Santa Claus for the Coca-Cola advertising company, which had a huge influence not only on America, but on Europe, including Finland, where Joulupukki acquired many of the features Santa, including began to ride on reindeer. However, there is still a difference between these two characters: Joulupukki lives in Lapland on Mount Korvatunturi (on the border with Russia), while Santa Claus lives at the North Pole; Joulupukki doesn't climb up the chimney like Santa Claus, but knocks on the door. Joulupukki has a wife, Muori. Joulupukki's assistants are gnomes who help him sort out the mail. They have a hard time in this matter, because about 700 thousand letters are received at the Joulupukki postal address every year.
Tradition to meet New Year there is a big celebration in every country, because this holiday brings with it not only hope for a bright future, but also unites all peoples, creating a certain force that generates sincere joy and happiness in the hearts.
It is also worth noting that in almost all countries the symbol of this holiday is a special character in human form. Outwardly, they all look the same, but their names are completely different. For example, in Russia this symbol is called Father Frost, in the USA - Santa Claus, in Belarus - Dzed Maroz, in Belgium and Poland - St. Nicholas, in France - Père Noel, in Great Britain - Father of the Nativity, in the Czech Republic - Mikulas, in Slovakia – Jerzyšek, etc.
Read New Year 2013 together
Surely many have heard about the name of the Finnish Santa Claus, because his name is the funniest and most memorable. And it sounds like this - Joulupukki. As you know, translated from Finnish, this word means “Christmas goat.” Santa Claus received this name quite a long time ago, when the villagers of this country put on goat skins on a festive night and went from house to house, handing out gifts and tasty treats.
After people learn about the name of the Finnish Santa Claus, they immediately become interested in what exactly this fairy-tale character looks like. It is worth noting that it is practically no different from the Russian symbol of the New Year.
Read Decorating a children's room for the New Year
Joulupukki lives in a wooden house in the forest, where everything is decorated with colorful lights, tinsel and toys. He is kind and wise, likes to wear a red short fur coat and hat, he has a bushy white beard and a huge red bag in which he places all the toys and sweets for the children.
However, it is worth noting that, unlike the Russian Father Frost, Joulupukki moves not with the help of three beautiful horses, but with the help of stately and strong reindeer. They are the ones who carry him on Christmas night from one house to another. Finnish Santa Claus also has many friendly gnomes as his assistants, who work with him and collect thousands of gifts for obedient children every day.
| Joulupukki | |
| Joulupukki | |
| Joulupukki on the street of Helsinki |
|
| Creator |
folk art |
|---|---|
| Information | |
| Nickname |
"Christmas Goat" |
| View |
Christmas grandfather |
| Floor | |
| Citizenship |
Finland Finland |
| Occupation |
gives gifts for Christmas |
| Relatives |
Muori(wife) |
The second part of the word is pukki(goat) - comes from the old Finnish, still pagan tradition of mummers nuuttipukki and kekripukki. As Nuuttipukki, there were often young people dressed in a fur coat turned inside out, and a mask made of birch bark, depicting a horned creature according to the shamanic model. Sometimes there were two of them - one person was the head of the monster, the second represented the back part. They went around houses, giving gifts to obedient children and scaring naughty ones. From 1131 to 1708 this day was January 7, after 1708 (and now) January 13 is the name day of the male name Nutti.
Walking with a goat represents a remnant of a belief that has left numerous traces in both Western and Eastern Europe. According to the interpretation of the German mythologist Wilhelm Mannhardt (Wilhelm Mannhardt, 1831–1880), it was that the soul of the cornfield (hay harvest and plants in general) is a goat- or goat-like creature (like Faun, Silvanus), pursued by the reapers and hiding in the last uncompressed sheaf .
Place of residence
Christmas traditions in Finland
see also
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Notes
Excerpt describing Joulupukki
Anatole turned to the Englishman and, taking him by the button of his tailcoat and looking down at him (the Englishman was short), began repeating to him the terms of the bet in English.- Wait! - Dolokhov shouted, banging the bottle on the window to attract attention. - Wait, Kuragin; listen. If anyone does the same, then I pay one hundred imperials. Do you understand?
The Englishman nodded his head, not giving any indication as to whether he intended to accept this new bet or not. Anatole did not let go of the Englishman and, despite the fact that he nodded, letting him know that he understood everything, Anatole translated Dolokhov’s words to him in English. A young thin boy, a life hussar, who had lost that evening, climbed onto the window, leaned out and looked down.
“Uh!... uh!... uh!...” he said, looking out the window at the stone sidewalk.
- Attention! - Dolokhov shouted and pulled the officer from the window, who, entangled in his spurs, awkwardly jumped into the room.
Having placed the bottle on the windowsill so that it would be convenient to get it, Dolokhov carefully and quietly climbed out the window. Dropping his legs and leaning both hands on the edges of the window, he measured himself, sat down, lowered his hands, moved to the right, to the left and took out a bottle. Anatole brought two candles and put them on the windowsill, although it was already quite light. Dolokhov's back in a white shirt and his curly head were illuminated from both sides. Everyone crowded around the window. The Englishman stood in front. Pierre smiled and said nothing. One of those present, older than the others, with a frightened and angry face, suddenly moved forward and wanted to grab Dolokhov by the shirt.
- Gentlemen, this is nonsense; he will be killed to death,” said this more prudent man.
Anatole stopped him:
“Don’t touch it, you’ll scare him and he’ll kill himself.” Eh?... What then?... Eh?...
Dolokhov turned around, straightening himself and again spreading his arms.
“If anyone else bothers me,” he said, rarely letting words slip through his clenched and thin lips, “I’ll bring him down here now.” Well!…
Having said “well”!, he turned again, let go of his hands, took the bottle and brought it to his mouth, threw his head back and threw his free hand up for leverage. One of the footmen, who began to pick up the glass, stopped in a bent position, not taking his eyes off the window and Dolokhov’s back. Anatole stood straight, eyes open. The Englishman, his lips thrust forward, looked from the side. The one who stopped him ran to the corner of the room and lay down on the sofa facing the wall. Pierre covered his face, and a weak smile, forgotten, remained on his face, although it now expressed horror and fear. Everyone was silent. Pierre took his hands away from his eyes: Dolokhov was still sitting in the same position, only his head was bent back, so that the curly hair of the back of his head touched the collar of his shirt, and the hand with the bottle rose higher and higher, shuddering and making an effort. The bottle was apparently emptied and at the same time rose, bending its head. “What’s taking so long?” thought Pierre. It seemed to him that more than half an hour had passed. Suddenly Dolokhov made a backward movement with his back, and his hand trembled nervously; this shudder was enough to move the entire body sitting on the sloping slope. He shifted all over, and his hand and head trembled even more, making an effort. One hand rose to grab the window sill, but dropped again. Pierre closed his eyes again and told himself that he would never open them. Suddenly he felt that everything around him was moving. He looked: Dolokhov was standing on the windowsill, his face was pale and cheerful.
- Empty!
He threw the bottle to the Englishman, who deftly caught it. Dolokhov jumped from the window. He smelled strongly of rum.
- Great! Well done! So bet! Damn you completely! - they shouted from different sides.
The Englishman took out his wallet and counted out the money. Dolokhov frowned and was silent. Pierre jumped onto the window.
Gentlemen! Who wants to bet with me? “I’ll do the same,” he suddenly shouted. “And there’s no need for a bet, that’s what.” They told me to give him a bottle. I'll do it... tell me to give it.
- Let it go, let it go! – said Dolokhov, smiling.
- What you? crazy? Who will let you in? “Your head is spinning even on the stairs,” they spoke from different sides.
- I'll drink it, give me a bottle of rum! - Pierre shouted, hitting the table with a decisive and drunken gesture, and climbed out the window.
They grabbed him by the arms; but he was so strong that he pushed the one who approached him far away.
“No, you can’t persuade him like that,” said Anatole, “wait, I’ll deceive him.” Look, I bet you, but tomorrow, and now we're all going to hell.
“We’re going,” Pierre shouted, “we’re going!... And we’re taking Mishka with us...
And he grabbed the bear, and, hugging and lifting it, began to spin around the room with it.
Prince Vasily fulfilled the promise made at the evening at Anna Pavlovna's to Princess Drubetskaya, who asked him about her only son Boris. He was reported to the sovereign, and, unlike others, he was transferred to the Semenovsky Guard Regiment as an ensign. But Boris was never appointed as an adjutant or under Kutuzov, despite all the efforts and machinations of Anna Mikhailovna. Soon after Anna Pavlovna's evening, Anna Mikhailovna returned to Moscow, straight to her rich relatives Rostov, with whom she stayed in Moscow and with whom her beloved Borenka, who had just been promoted to the army and was immediately transferred to guards ensigns, had been raised and lived for years since childhood. The Guard had already left St. Petersburg on August 10, and the son, who remained in Moscow for uniforms, was supposed to catch up with her on the road to Radzivilov.
Joulupukki) - in late Finnish tradition - the Christmas grandfather who gives gifts to children on Christmas Day. Historically, the word is a homonym of the Finnish language, Joulupukki literally translated from Finnish it also means “Christmas goat”. The latter is depicted as a straw goat and also accompanies the Christmas holidays. The tradition differs little from that in other Scandinavian countries.Now Joulupukki looks like the familiar Santa Claus with a white beard, red fur coat and hat, although he retains some national characteristics. But back in the 19th century, he was depicted in goat skin and sometimes even with small horns.
Joulupukki has a wife - Muori ( Muori, “old mistress”) - the personification of winter. Joulupukki's assistants are gnomes, who sit in the “Caves of Echoes” (Kaikuluolat, Kaikuluolat) and listen to how children all over the world behave, and before Christmas they sort out the Christmas mail, help prepare and wrap gifts.
Etymology of the name
The second part of the word is pukki(goat) - comes from the old Finnish, still pagan tradition of mummers nuuttipukki and kekripukki. As nuttipukki, there were often young people dressed in a fur coat turned inside out, and a mask made of birch bark, depicting a horned creature according to the shamanic model. Sometimes there were two of them - one person was the head of the monster, the second represented the back part. They went around houses, giving gifts to obedient children and scaring naughty ones. From 1131 to 1708 this day was January 7, after 1708 (and now) January 13 is the name day of the male name Nutti.
Walking with a goat represents a remnant of a belief that has left numerous traces in both Western and Eastern Europe. According to the interpretation of the German mythologist Wilhelm Mannhardt (Wilhelm Mannhardt, 1831–1880), it was that the soul of the cornfield (hay harvest and plants in general) is a goat- or goat-like creature (like Faun, Silvanus), pursued by the reapers and hiding in the last uncompressed sheaf .
Place of residence
Christmas traditions in Finland
see also
- Julenisse
Notes
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... this is how they used to be, before the invention of Coca-Cola.
New Year's wizards in Finland
On this fabulous night, wizards come to congratulate us. Each nation has its own, but the connecting link for them was the New Year.
Let's get to know all the New Year's wizards and figure out the degree of their relationship, find out the names they have in different countries. Are they similar or different? Relatives, friends or just colleagues? And I wanted to start with the history of Joulupukki, our close northern neighbor from Finland.
You will never confuse our majestic Father Frost with his young companion Snegurochka with colleagues and relatives from any country. He previously lived in Lapland, and several years ago he moved to his own Russian residence, located in the Vologda region. His Finnish friend named Joulupukki remained in northern Lapland. This name came from the distant Middle Ages and is translated not very nicely - Yule (or Christmas) goat. Yule was celebrated as the winter solstice holiday. On the eve of the celebrations, the goat had to check the readiness of each house for the celebration. The housewives tried to appease the demanding auditor with sweet treats.
Since the 19th century, Joulupukki began delivering Christmas gifts to homes himself. In the twenties of the last century, the children's program “Children's Hour” was broadcast on Finnish radio. TV presenter Uncle Marcus told the kids a story about an old man in a red fur coat. They say that that white-bearded old man walked around the whole world and reached Lapland. He leaned on his staff, and a heavy bag hung on his shoulder. Grandfather got tired, sat down on a stone to rest and began to spin. He has no helpers, he won’t have time to please the kids or distribute gifts in time. The elves and dwarves heard the old man’s complaints and decided: let’s help grandfather and make the children happy. But with one condition: let my grandfather stay with us in Lapland forever.
Thanks to the help of the gnomes, grandfather managed to congratulate all the children. And since then he remained in Lapland forever. Grandfather settled on Mount Korvatunturi, which looks like a hare's ears and can hear the requests of children from all over the world. However, the mountain has another quality: in some cunning way, it manages to find out whether the children have behaved well or badly all year. Mount Korvatunturi transmits this information to Joulupukki, and he independently decides who to congratulate on the holidays.
Joulupukki got married, his chosen one's name is Muori. Dwarves live with the married couple.
... our majestic Father Frost and his young companion Snegurochka will never be confused with colleagues and relatives from any country.
Residence of Father Frost in Finland
Over time, Joulupukki built himself a huge residence in Rovaniemi, next to the eared mountain. A tunnel was dug between the mountain and the residence.
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... Joulupukki moved to a reindeer sleigh, creating a new image.
... Joulupukki works non-stop; every year he has to process more than 700 thousand letters.
Joulupukki's work
Numerous gnomes, more than three dozen of them, help him in his difficult work. At the main post office in Rovaniemi there is a position of Chief Postal Gnome. On a special board he makes notes about how many letters have arrived for Joulupukki. The cunning Postal Gnome reminds everyone that he also loves gifts.
And Mrs. Muori does only household chores.
Joulupukki has numerous herds of reindeer. Grandfather has to look after them and feed them in the summer.
Lyrical digression
Rumor has it that Lady Muori collects the pine cones, brings them home, puts them in pots and covers them with a towel. By morning, gnomes appear from the cones. Whether this is true or not is difficult to say, but rumors do not arise out of nowhere. Another rumor swept across Finland. They say that my grandfather got an unusually jealous wife. Once she saw her husband with a young, pretty tourist. They were heading to summer residence Kalevala. Something came over the respectable lady, she set fire to the house where the grandfather and the young lady hid. Fortunately, everything ended well, and the residence was quickly restored.
Grandfather loves to go fishing. The gnomes help Joulupukki in every possible way here too.
He is such a hard worker, the good Finnish grandfather Joulupukki. There is a belief that Joulupukki brings good luck to everyone who visits his residence.
Who he looks more like, our Father Frost or the traditional Santa Claus, is up to you to judge.
… Mrs. Muori also takes care of the deer.
Guests Joulupukki
Every year, many tourists from all over the world come to the Rovaniemi residence. New Year is celebrated in Finland just as fun as all over the world, with fireworks, rockets, and firecrackers.
Traditions
According to tradition in Finland, Joulupukki personally visits each family. Entering the house, the grandfather asks: “Do obedient children live here?” Of course, Joulupukki never heard the answer “no”.
Having heard a positive answer, the long-awaited New Year's guest brings gifts. In general, New Year celebrations in Finland are very reminiscent of Slavic ones. In it, reality is closely intertwined with a fairy tale. Finns celebrate the New Year at home, with a hearty feast. IN New Year's Eve Finns tell fortunes using molten tin or wax. What tin will show can be expected in the coming year.
The celebration comes after Joulupukki's visit. The main thing is to lure grandfather to your house. The bait is a Christmas tree decorated with burning garlands. And the grandfather gives gifts after they sing him a song, tell him a poem or dance. A gift that Finns value is a candle, which symbolizes love and friendship.
The Finns have a Christmas and New Year tradition - giving each other fresh red flowers. The flowers are called Christmas Star.
