Has Atlantis been found? Atlantis has been found: a gigantic city rests at the bottom near Cuba! What does it mean to establish the exact location of Atlantis?

The attention of the world media is once again focused on the mystery of the legendary Atlantis. This time, a sensational version of the Italian nuclear engineer Marco Buloni caused a storm in the scientific world.

The researcher recently published his findings in the Italian Catholic newspaper Avvenire (which means “future”). Boulogne not only does not doubt the existence of Atlantis, but also indicates the place where it was located on the globe. After numerous expeditions and many years of studying the Solovetsky Archipelago, the Kola Peninsula and Karelia, Marco Francesco Buloni came to the conclusion that this place is the north of Russia, namely the White Sea.

The mystery of the Solovetsky archipelago

Boulogne is convinced that Atlantis should be looked for not somewhere at the bottom of the ocean, as most researchers who are searching for a mysterious continent (or island) believe, but on the surface of the earth. The Italian archaeologist spent three whole years conducting thorough research of the Solovetsky archipelago and discovered here the remains of temples, palaces and concentric walls. Exactly as Plato described Atlantis in Timaeus and Critias. According to Boulogne, the remains he found date back to the 13th century. BC e.

At the same time, the Italian scientist agrees with Plato, who spoke in his manuscripts about the strongest cataclysms that completely destroyed ancient civilization. The mythical island went under water, but surfaced again, and Bolshoi Solovetsky Island, Marco is sure, is exactly what remains of it. As Plato says, on the day of the destruction of Atlantis, heavy rains fell, there were earthquakes, landslides, and a flood occurred. Marco thinks it was most likely a tsunami. According to his version, it arose as a result of a large meteorite falling into the sea, which raised a huge wave that swallowed the island. Strong difference in bottom depths White Sea- more than 300 m in the northwest and less than 16 m in the southeast, where the Solovetsky archipelago is located, could serve as a real springboard for waves from the Atlantic. And the meteorite itself, Boulogne suggests, still lies at the bottom of the White Sea to this day. It is no coincidence that significant magnetic anomalies are recorded here, which usually indicate a large presence of iron. Over time, the water receded, the island rose to the surface again, but was already completely different, writes Plato.

If we take the geography of the area, Boulogne notes, it also coincides with Plato’s descriptions: there are many other islands near Atlantis and Atlantis dominates them.

The area of ​​the Big Solovetsky Island is 246.9 square meters. km. And its dimensions and proportions surprisingly fit Plato’s description of the capital of Atlantis, including central part, on which stood the palace and the acropolis. According to this description, the capital of Atlantis was located on big island, surrounded ... “alternately by water and earthen rings (there were two earthen ones, and three water ones) of greater or lesser size, drawn at an equal distance from the center of the island, as if by a compass.” The island was connected to the sea by a canal 50 stadia in length (stadia - about 193 m), i.e., a little less than 10 km, which is quite consistent with the distance that the ship would travel while moving through the labyrinth of Solovetsky Island from the entrance to the center. In Plato’s “Dialogues,” it is true that 50 stadia is the distance from the sea to the first ring of water, but this is probably one of the possible contradictions, of which there are enough found in Plato’s texts.

The size of the island (5 stages) on which the palace was located approximately corresponds to the central part of Solovetsky Island. In addition, it is located on the quiet, shallow White Sea. It is surrounded by a continent, and a long canal-like entrance connects it to the stormy real sea, the Atlantic. This is how the White Sea flows into the Barents Sea.

Boulogne also found the famous Pillars of Hercules, without which there is no Atlantis, on the Kola Peninsula. He is sure that these are the Khibiny Mountains and the Lovozero Tundra Mountains; against the background of the horizon they are surprisingly similar to the reclining Atlas.

According to Plato, Atlantis had a lot of greenery, hills, and in the middle there was a small mountain. The Big Solovetsky Island, Marco proves, is rich in water, and in its center there is a hill, 70 m high. It stands less than 10 km from the coast - exactly as reported in the manuscripts.
But Plato’s description of a large plain 350 km long, in Marco’s opinion, misled Atlantean researchers. Everyone is looking huge island. But Boulogne recognized this plain... in Karelia. That is, not on the island itself, but on the contrary, to the south of it, as Plato himself clarifies.

Boulogne also offers his version for dating the death ancient civilization. According to Plato, Atlantis sank 9000 BC. e. But Marco interprets the philosopher’s words differently, recalling that Plato is just relaying the story of an Egyptian priest. He first spoke about Atlantis in 570 BC. e., in Egypt. But in Egypt, time was measured not by years, but by lunar cycles, which last about a month, Boulogne clarifies. Therefore, the first narrator could have meant 9,000 lunar cycles. From here, if you count the dates from the moment of the story, you get about 1300 BC. e.

Russian Atlantis

It must be said that Boulogne is far from the first to search for Atlantis in northern Russia. Over many centuries in the history of research into this mystery, a whole direction has already developed, called Russian Atlantis.

At the same time, Russian researchers find initial information about the mysterious ancient civilization, except for Plato, in the folk epic. In Russia, Atlantis is Belovodye, a sacred Russian concept found among Old Believers, wanderers, a sacred country in the East, a place of fulfillment of cherished human desires, where holy sages and righteous people live, who have preserved spiritual knowledge and true faith in purity. Finding Belovodye means finding White Water Eternal Life and spirituality, find inner harmony, the source of health, happiness and wisdom in your soul. It is Slavic legends that tell about the lost once great land of Veles-Svyatogor-Dazhbog.

According to some atlantologists, northern civilization existed 15-20 thousand years ago. It was first discovered by the French astronomer Jean Sylvain Bailly back in the 18th century. Having studied the ancient manuscripts, Bailly concluded that all the information collected in them is based on even earlier evidence of some unknown (“lost”) people who had a highly developed system of knowledge. After Bailly studied the astronomical calculations of antiquity, he found confirmation that this unknown people lived in the polar latitudes. Without thinking twice, the scientist called them Atlanteans, and their homeland - Atlantis.

Starting with Mikhail Lomonosov, many Russian scientists tried to find the legendary northern island. However, only later, with the development of science, Russian researchers acquired new information in favor of this version. And the first attempt at a scientific expedition to the Kola Peninsula and the North of Karelia was made back in 1920-1921, it was led by Alexander Barchenko. True, the purpose of this expedition was to search for traces of ancient Hyperborea (in ancient Greek mythology and the tradition that follows it, this is the legendary northern country, the habitat of the blessed people of the Hyperboreans). At the same time, some atlantologists consider Hyperborea to be Northern Atlantis.

They say that Barchenko allegedly found what he was looking for. But the records and diaries of that expedition disappeared in the archives of the NKVD after the arrest of the scientist in 1937. Later, Barchenko himself was shot 15 minutes later. after the death sentence was imposed.

The famous Russian atlantologist Valery Demin in his book “Atlantis and Hyperborea” also proves that Atlantis is located in the Russian North. And, perhaps, even further north - near the pole. Before conducting 9 expeditions, Demin and his associates carefully studied the texts of ancient manuscripts. And they found out that in all of them - in the Indian "Rig Veda", the Iranian "Avesta", in Chinese and Tibetan historical chronicles, in the German epic and ancient Russian epics - a certain northern ancestral home of modern humanity is described.

The version that this is Atlantis is also supported by the fact that previously the climate above the Arctic Circle was much more favorable for living. According to the findings of Russian oceanographers, in the period between 30-15 thousand BC. e. The climate of the Arctic was mild, and the Arctic Ocean was quite warm.

Did the Atlanteans come from the north?

The version about northern Atlantis - and precisely on the Big Solovetsky Island - is also defended by another famous atlantologist - Zdenek Kukal. In search history ancient island this scientist stood out by systematizing all Atlantological literature, dividing it into several groups - according to the scientific value of the material contained in it. It is worth noting here that over the past 2,500 years, about 25,000 works have been written on Atlantis. Moreover, more than 95% of such literature refers to modern times, of which 85% - to the twentieth century.

Speaking about the Great Solovetsky Island, Zdenek Kukal admits that there are some differences in the description of the plain, surrounded on all sides by mountains and which was also located on Atlantis: the dimensions of the plain according to Plato are 2000x3000 stadia (579x386 km). At the same time, Plato writes that the plain of Atlantis was facing the south wind, and was closed from the north by mountains. Such a description, it would seem, does not fit what can be observed in the White Sea region. However, if we look at the mainland from the point of view of an observer located on the Solovetsky Islands, we will see in front of us the vast valley of the Northern Dvina, very similar to the plain that Zdenek Kukal indicates in his reconstruction drawings. The area of ​​this valley is approximately equal to the area of ​​Plato's Atlantis, and the configuration practically coincides with it, only in a mirror image in relation to the cardinal points.
In addition, supporters of the Russian Atlantis draw attention to the fact that Plato in his story places Atlantis the island and Atlantis the capital to the west of the Pillars of Hercules (Gibraltar), which, in general, is also not far from the truth if we consider the sea route. After all, in order to get from Greece to the White Sea, you first have to swim a long time to the west. And even after passing through the Strait of Gibraltar, hundreds of miles must be traveled westward in order to go around the Iberian Peninsula before it is possible to turn north.

If, moreover, we take into account that in the entire lake-swamp North-West of Russia, any land suitable for habitation is still called an island, then the geography of Plato’s Atlantis and its capital will turn out to coincide in basic details with the geography of the north of the Russian Platform and the Solovetsky Islands. From all this, Russian scientists draw a well-founded conclusion: Plato’s story about Atlantis corresponds to real events that took place in the north of the Russian Plain and the south of Europe 32.5 thousand years ago.

Statements about the existence of Atlantis in the northern part of our planet are also found in esoteric literature. According to one of the ancient teachings, preserved by the secret mystical orders of medieval Europe, the legendary Atlantis was located almost at the North Pole itself. The mild, almost tropical climate contributed to the prosperity of the inhabitants of the ancient continent and the fertility of its lands. However, then processes related to climate change began to occur on the planet - they were mainly predetermined by changes in the activity of the Sun. Which ultimately led to a sharp cooling in the Northern Hemisphere. Then Atlantis was completely attacked by a glacier. This was one of the first ice ages on our planet. Later, the cooled, almost lifeless continent began to drift south into North Atlantic. And today it is known to us as the island of Greenland - a real icy desert.

However, the Atlanteans, according to the ancient teaching, possessed a huge store of knowledge, long before the tragic development of events began to leave the cooling continent and move to the more fertile lands of the polar North of present-day Eurasia. As the climate changed, they were subsequently forced to move deeper into the continent, closer to the equator. Later, unsuccessful attempts were made here to recreate the society of the ancient civilization.
Modern science is finding more and more evidence in favor of such a development of events. However, even this does not bring humanity any closer to answering the questions about who the Atlanteans really were, what made them leave the promised land, and where did the representatives of the ancient civilization disappear?

Prepared by Oleg Lobanov
based on materials

Atlantis sea Tethys Kondratov Alexander Mikhailovich

Has Atlantis been found?

Has Atlantis been found?

The first who tried to identify Plato's Atlantis with the island of Santorini was the French explorer L. Figier. His work was published in 1872. But almost a century passed before convincing evidence was found in favor of the identity of Santorini and Atlantis

The power of Crete was a rival of the Achaean Greeks - just as Plato's Atlantis was the enemy of the Athenians. Both Crete and Atlantis had a theocratic system, their power was based on a powerful fleet. The Minoan Cretans and Plato's Atlanteans revered the sacred bull. The kings of Atlantis wore dark blue robes. “Judging by the frescoes of Knossos, blue was the color of royal robes,” says Professor J. Bennett. The list of similar parallels could be continued, but from the above it is clear how much “Cretan” Plato introduced into his description of Atlantis, located, like Crete, on an island.

But was it Crete that was the metropolis of the island power of the Minoans? Before the excavations on Santorini, no one doubted the conclusion made at the beginning of the century by Arthur Evans: in the struggle of the city-states of Minoan Crete, the city of Knossos prevailed, it was the residence of the supreme ruler, the priest-king. However, after research carried out on Tire - both on land and under water - it became clear that the island-volcano Strongyle had a population of many thousands and its capital could compete with the largest city-states of Crete.

“The Minoan state of the 3rd–2nd millennium BC. e. took up the entire pool Aegean Sea, writes Avo Tiits in the article “In the wake of the Santorini disaster”, published in the 21st issue of the almanac “On Land and Sea”. - Where the capital of the Minoan state was located is still unknown. The city found on Tire is not inferior in size and splendor to Knossos, the center of the island of Crete. The Santorini volcanic massif was surprisingly well adapted to create an impregnable military fortress, therefore, it was in Tire that it was most advisable to keep a navy in case of attack by enemies and in order to extend its power to distant territories of the Mediterranean, for example, in Italy, Sicily and the Aeolian Islands, which, apparently, were only partially and briefly subordinated Minoans."

One of the frescoes unveiled in the port of Knossos depicts a symbolic “sea” in the form of two flat cylinders. The smaller cylinder rests on the larger one. According to Spyridon Marinatos, who devoted his life to the study of the Minoan civilization, this is a symbolic image of the “kingdom of two islands”: the large one, Crete, and the small one, Santorini. And this “kingdom of two islands” corresponds to the Royal City and the Ancient Metropolis of Plato’s Atlantis.

Polish astronomer Ludwig Seidler, noting in his book “Atlantis” (Russian translation of which was published in 1966), that the god of the seas Poseidon is invariably depicted with his attribute - a trident, gave the following interpretation of this attribute: the trident was a symbol of the three-headed peak of the island, rising above the water . “This trident was visible from afar and was a landmark for ships in the ocean. It was he who became the symbol of Atlantis.”

If we turn to the most ancient hieroglyphic writing systems, then among the symbols-drawings one can see the symbol of a “mountain”. In ancient Chinese, Hittite, and Sumerian hieroglyphic writing, the mountain is depicted in the form of a trident. “Seidler’s opinion that from a distance the relief of Atlantis resembled a trident sticking out of the sea deserves attention,” noted I. A. Rezanov in his book dedicated to the “Santorini address” of Atlantis. - After all, Atlantis was located within a volcanic caldera. From Plato we know that the island was surrounded by high mountains with steep cliffs facing the sea. From a distance, for example, from Crete, the contours of this “ulcanic building” could be represented in the form of three towers, their peaks above the water. The island looked similar from the opposite side, if you sailed to it from the north from Attica or from the Cyclades islands. The appearance of a three-headed island above the horizon told the sailors that they were approaching the capital of the rulers of the sea.”

For now, we can only roughly restore the former appearance of the capital of the volcano island Strongile, and even the configuration of the island itself, which was destroyed by a catastrophic explosion. However, this reconstruction, according to its author, Angelos Galanopoulos, gives a picture similar to the one painted by Plato, describing the Ancient Metropolis of the Atlanteans.

Although Plato never says that the Atlantean metropolis was located on a volcano, Galanopoulos believes that from his description it was a small volcanic island during a period of long inactivity of its volcanoes. “He claims that the acropolis stood on a low hill in the center of the island, next to a fertile valley, the best in the world, according to him, and it is common knowledge that the most fertile soils are volcanic, eroded during a period of long inactivity of the volcano. In addition, when describing the houses of the Atlanteans, he talks about the white, red and black stones from which they were made. Red and especially black rocks are very characteristic of areas of volcanic activity, and in Thira, the largest island of the Santorini group and the largest surviving part of Santorini-Strongyle, red, black and white rocks are typical, the latter being the white limestone found at Mount Prophet Elijah , originally a pre-volcanic island around which the entire volcanic complex formed."

Plator speaks of the cold and hot springs of Atlantis. Warm springs exist only in areas where volcanic activity occurs (just remember the geysers of Iceland or our Kamchatka with its hot springs). This is further evidence in favor of the fact that Plato's Atlantis was located in a volcanic area.

“More than forty years ago, Professor Ion Trikkalinos (until recently the president of the Academy of Athens, but at that time an assistant at the Geological Laboratory) created a relief model of the Santorini caldera,” write Galanopoulos and Bacon in the book “Atlantis. Behind the legend is the truth." - On this model you can easily discern traces of the harbors of the Ancient Metropolis and the canal that connected them to the open sea. The remains of the harbors are clearly visible between Nea Kaimeni and the town of Thera, and especially between Palea Kaimeni and Nea Kaimeni, where the circular shape of the central harbor clearly stands out. If an imaginary drawing of the metropolis of Atlantis, as described by Plato, is superimposed on a graphic map of Santorini at the same scale and compares this drawing with the relief model, it immediately becomes obvious that the traces of channels on the bottom of the caldera are the same width as the water rings described by Plato. and they are located exactly at the same distance from the central building at which these water rings were from the hill where the temple of Poseidon stood... In addition, the underwater valleys located between Thira and Tirassia, in their length, exactly correspond to the length of the canals that once connected the inner harbor of the Ancient Metropolis with the sea."

If the Ancient Metropolis is Santorini-Strongile, then the Royal City, according to Galanopoulos, was undoubtedly located on the island of Crete. “According to the description of the features and shape of the plain surrounding the Royal City, it had all the geological characteristics of the massif that formed the central part of Crete in the Tertiary period. This massif is located in the middle of the island and is surrounded by mountains descending to the sea, mountains, according to all descriptions of Plato, similar to those that surrounded the plain of the Royal City... If you take the plain of Messara, it is very similar to the plain of the Royal City: the same elongated and level, located on the southern tip of the island and is protected from northern winds. In short, in all its characteristics, “it corresponds, as far as possible, to the plain of the Royal City.”

The catastrophic eruption of Santorini-Strongyle destroyed the Ancient Metropolis and dealt a mortal blow to the Royal City on the island of Crete. The power of the great sea power, which was at enmity with the Achaean Greeks, was undermined, the Minoan fleet was destroyed by a tsunami. And although, Galanopoulos notes, we cannot yet completely identify the disaster on Santorini-Strongyle with the dive into the sea of ​​Atlantis, the analogies are very great, especially between the Ancient Metropolis of the Atlanteans and Santorini. “And since it has been finally established that Santorini was a Minoan island, that the Minoan state suffered from a terrible catastrophe just at the time of the death of Santorini, the identity of Atlantis with Minoan Crete becomes so obvious that it does not require further evidence,” A.G. sums up his research. Galanopoulos and E. Bacon. - From now on, Atlantis and Minoan Crete merge together, and a picture emerges of a rich and powerful state: theoretically - an ancient theocracy under the rule of a priest-king, and in practice - a state of a prosperous high bourgeoisie; its representatives entertained themselves with sports and spectacles that tickled their nerves, wore luxurious and elegant clothes, used beautiful vessels of the most fantastic shapes and colors, and enjoyed apparently unlimited freedom of relations with equality of the sexes, so rare in those ancient times; an amazing, already “tired” civilization, bewitching, sophisticated, joyfully delightful and... doomed.”

In recent years, the ranks of supporters of the “Santorini-Cretan” address of Atlantis have been replenished with such authority as the world-famous explorer of the World Ocean, Jacques-Yves Cousteau. In the book “In Search of Atlantis,” co-written with I. Pakkale, he says that the sea power of Crete, “the brainchild of Poseidon, is the ruler of the entire Eastern Mediterranean. It founded colonies on the Greek peninsula, Asia Minor, Egypt and even in more remote areas. Athens gave the signal for a rebellion against him: Athena challenged Poseidon and won. A gigantic geological cataclysm completed the devastation of Crete. The Santorini volcano began to erupt, and when it exploded, it generated a gigantic tidal wave several tens of meters high that swept across the entire Eastern Mediterranean. The ash that fell in a thick layer destroyed agricultural crops. The Minoan civilization was finished."

We will not present Cousteau’s arguments in favor of the “Santorini-Cretan hypothesis” - they are quite well and fully presented by the author himself in the above-mentioned book, the Russian translation of which is published by the Mysl publishing house.

Thus, Galanopoulos, Bacon, Rezanov and a number of other researchers, following them, believe that Plato’s story about Atlantis is not a figment of the author’s imagination and not a transmission of an oral legend, but historical evidence, a document speaking about a catastrophe in the Aegean Sea, which led to death Santorina-Strongyle and led to the decline of the Minoan civilization of the island of Crete. However, there are strong doubts about considering Plato’s “Dialogues” to be as reliable a source as, for example, Herodotus’ “History” or Strabo’s “Geography”. Most likely, something else is true: the story about Atlantis contains genuine historical information, although it is impossible to interpret every statement in Critias and Timaeus “one to one” and give it an explanation supported by the facts of geology, volcanology, and archeology. Apparently, Plato’s Atlantis must be placed in the broader context of events that took place in the 2nd millennium BC. e. in the Mediterranean, and not just in the Aegean region. But this will be discussed in the next part, dedicated to the “Atlantis Mediterranean Sea».